The role of ethnicity, age and gender in venous thromboembolism
The role of ethnicity, age and gender in venous thromboembolism
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DOI：
10.1007/s11239-009-0365-8
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Lippi, Giuseppe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Montagnana, Martina;Favaloro, Emmanuel J.;Lippi, Giuseppe
静脉血栓栓塞，包括深静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞，是可预防的住院死亡的主要原因。在风险个体化和个性化医疗的必然进展中，已经确定了几个先天性和后天性风险因素。然而，一些人口变量，特别是种族、年龄和性别的影响，在很大程度上没有得到重视。尽管静脉血栓栓塞的发生率在不同人种/种族队列中差异很大，但在全球范围内，黑人的发生率最高，白人居中，亚洲人最低。静脉血栓栓塞的发病率和患病率也与年龄密切相关，从80岁开始增加近90倍< 15 to >。缺乏关于不同性别之间静脉血栓栓塞相对发生率的连续数据。一些研究报告性别不是静脉血栓栓塞症的独立危险因素，而另一些研究得出结论，女性可能是一个保护性变量。本综述的目的是评估这些人口统计学变量与静脉血栓栓塞之间的关系。
Venous thromboembolism, including both deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is the leading cause of preventable in-hospital mortality. In the inexorable progress towards individualization of risk and personalized medicine, several congenital and acquired risk factors have been identified. However, the influence of some demographical variables, especially ethnicity, age and gender, has largely been under appreciated. Although the incidence of venous thromboembolism varies widely among diverse racial/ethnic cohorts, it appears globally highest in Blacks, is intermediate in Caucasians and is lowest in Asians. The incidence and prevalence of venous thromboembolism is also strongly age-related, increasing nearly 90 fold from < 15 to > 80 years old. Definitive data on the relative frequency of venous thromboembolism across genders is lacking. Some studies report that gender is not an independent risk factor of venous thromboembolism, while others conclude that female gender might be a protective variable. The purpose of this review is to assess the relationship between such demographic variables and venous thromboembolism.