Excitotoxic neuronal damage and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Excitotoxic neuronal damage and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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DOI：
10.1016/0163-7258(93)90043-d
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
C. Zorumski;J. Olney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Zorumski;J. Olney
兴奋性氨基酸（EAA）在脊椎动物中枢神经系统中具有重要的生理功能，包括参与快速兴奋性突触传递、调节突触可塑性和调节发育过程中的神经元形态。然而，矛盾的是，它们也具有神经毒性（兴奋性毒性）潜力，如果释放，可导致CNS神经元的广泛变性。越来越多的证据表明兴奋性毒素在各种人类神经精神疾病中的作用。本文综述了中枢神经系统中EAA受体的种类、EAA介导神经元损伤的机制以及EAA在特定人类疾病中的作用。
Excitatory amino acids (EAA) serve important physiological functions in the vertebrate CNS, including participation in fast excitatory synaptic transmission, modulation of synaptic plasticity and regulation of neuronal morphology during development. However, paradoxically they also harbor neurotoxic (excitotoxic) potential, which, if unleashed, can cause widespread degeneration of CNS neurons. Accumulating evidence suggests a role for excitotoxins in a variety of human neuropsychiatric disorders. This paper reviews the classes of EAA receptors in the CNS, the mechanisms underlying EAA-mediated neuronal damage and the role of EAA in specific human disorders.