Infectious oral necrosis (cancrum oris) in Nigerian children: a review.
Infectious oral necrosis (cancrum oris) in Nigerian children: a review.
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尼日利亚儿童传染性口腔坏死（口腔癌）：综述。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Cyril O. Enwonwu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cyril O. Enwonwu
被称为坏疽性口炎（坏疽性口炎）的毁灭性口面部坏疽病在尼日利亚贫困儿童中仍然很常见。这些儿童通常是慢性营养不良、多种地方性传染病和严重不良身体状况等压力源的受害者，这些压力源可能导致他们的适应资源耗尽或对额外的压力源产生生理适应不良。麻疹是尼日利亚儿童患坏疽性口炎之前最常见的感染。获得性免疫缺陷以及长期营养不良的内分泌平衡受损，导致麻疹病毒广泛感染。营养不良和麻疹病毒感染共同产生的无反应性，促进了由厌氧生物和其他能够为前者制造必要生长因子的物种组成的感染性菌群的选择性过度生长和入侵。由于营养不良儿童预先存在的适应性生理资源耗尽，感染不易像坏死性溃疡性牙龈炎那样在局部得到遏制，而是迅速扩散到下一个自然发生的解剖障碍。随后是持续坏死和可能的隔离，如坏疽性口炎。
The devastating orofacial gangrenous disease known as cancrum oris (noma) is still commonly seen in underprivileged Nigerian children. These children are usually victims of such stressors as chronic malnutrition, numerous endemic communicable diseases and severe adverse physical conditions which may lead to depletion of their adaptive resources or produce physiological maladaptation to additional stressors. Measles is the most common infection preceding the development of noma in Nigerian children. Acquired immunodeficiency as well as the impaired endocrine balance of the chronically malnourished permits, for example, widespread infection with the measles virus. Anergy resulting from the combination of malnutrition and measles virus infection promotes selective overgrowth and invasion by an infective consortium consisting of anaerobic organisms and other species capable of elaborating necessary growth factors for the former. Because of the pre-existing depletion of adaptive physiologic resources in the malnourished child, the infection is not readily contained locally as necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis but instead spreads rapidly to the next naturally occurring anatomical barriers. This is then followed by continuing necrosis and possible sequestration as exemplified by noma.