DOES COPING HELP - A REEXAMINATION OF THE RELATION BETWEEN COPING AND MENTAL-HEALTH
DOES COPING HELP - A REEXAMINATION OF THE RELATION BETWEEN COPING AND MENTAL-HEALTH
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.53.2.337
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发表时间：
1987-08-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
REVENSON, TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ALDWIN, CM;REVENSON, TA
通过对291名成人的纵向社区调查，我们探讨了应对策略与心理症状的关系。被调查者完成了修正后的应对方式量表（Folkman & Lazarus, 1985）。因子分析产生了8个应对因素：3个以问题为中心，4个以情绪为中心，还有一个（支持动员）包含了两者的元素。多元回归分析表明，应对与心理症状之间存在双向关系。那些心理健康状况较差和压力较大的人使用较少的适应性应对策略，如逃避，但应对努力仍然影响心理健康，独立于先前的症状水平和压力程度。我们比较了应力缓冲的主要效应模型和交互效应模型。主要影响主要局限于以情绪为中心的应对量表，应对对心理健康的影响很小或呈负向；互动效应虽然很小，但在以问题为中心的量表中被发现。以问题为中心的量表与症状之间的关系方向可能部分取决于感知到的效能，或被调查者认为他或她如何处理问题。本文讨论了适应性应对机制及其情境适宜性测量的意义。
In a longitudinal community survey of 291 adults, we explored the relation between coping strategies and psychological symptoms. Respondents completed the revised Ways of Coping Scale (Folkman & Lazarus, 1985) for a self-named stressful episode. Factor analysis produced eight coping factors: three problem focused, four emotion focused, and one (support mobilization) that contained elements of both. Multiple regression analyses indicated bidirectionality in the relation between coping and psychological symptoms. Those in poorer mental health and under greater stress used less adaptive coping strategies, such as escapism, but coping efforts still affected mental health independent of prior symptom levels and degree of stress. We compared main versus interactive effects models of stress buffering. Main effects were confined primarily to the emotion-focused coping scales and showed little or negative impacts of coping on mental health; interactive effects, though small, were found with the problem-focused scales. The direction of the relation between problem-focused scales and symptoms may depend in part on perceived efficacy, or how the respondent thought he or she handled the problem. Implications for the measurement of adaptive coping mechanisms and their contextual appropriateness are discussed.