Moving forward with human papillomavirus immunotherapies
Moving forward with human papillomavirus immunotherapies
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DOI：
10.1080/21645515.2016.1199302
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Schiller, John T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cuburu, Nicolas;Schiller, John T.
持续性人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是宫颈癌的主要病因，并导致大量外阴、阴茎、肛门和口咽癌。鉴于基础免疫学和应用免疫学的最新进展，开发高效的HPV治疗性疫苗是一个合理的目标。许多旨在诱导全身T细胞反应的疫苗策略已在临床试验中用于治疗高级别宫颈或外阴高级别肿瘤和癌症，但成功率有限。随着越来越多地关注HPV感染和癌前病变的上皮背景的新趋势，开发促进HPV特异性T细胞进入病变并克服局部免疫抑制环境的疫苗接种策略可能是有利的。开发更多与生物学相关的动物模型将改善治疗性候选疫苗的临床前评估。最后，持续性感染和低级别病变可能更容易成为治疗性疫苗的目标，这些疫苗在高收入国家可能具有商业可行性，在资源匮乏的环境中可能成为筛查和治疗计划的重要组成部分。
Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary etiologic agent of cervical cancer and causes a significant number of vulvar, penile, anal and oropharyngeal cancers. The development of highly effective HPV therapeutic vaccines is a reasonable goal given the recent advances in basic and applied immunology. A number of vaccine strategies designed to induce systemic T cell responses have been tested in clinical trials against high grade cervical or vulvar high grade neoplasia and cancers, but with limited success. In line with the emerging trend to focus more on the epithelial context of HPV infection and premalignant disease, it might be advantageous to develop vaccination strategies that promote trafficking of HPV-specific T cells into lesions and overcome the local immunosuppressive environment. The development of more biologically relevant animal models would improve the preclinical evaluation of therapeutic vaccine candidates. Finally, persistent infection and low grade lesions may prove to be easier targets for therapeutic vaccines, and these vaccines would likely be commercially viable in high income countries and valuable components in screen and treat programs in low resource settings.