Proteomic and Glycomic Characterization of Rice Chalky Grains Produced Under Moderate and High-temperature Conditions in Field System.
Proteomic and Glycomic Characterization of Rice Chalky Grains Produced Under Moderate and High-temperature Conditions in Field System.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12284-016-0100-y
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发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mitsui T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kaneko K;Sasaki M;Kuribayashi N;Suzuki H;Sasuga Y;Shiraya T;Inomata T;Itoh K;Baslam M;Mitsui T
全球气候模式预测，本世纪全球平均气温将上升，强烈高温峰值的频率将更高。水稻（Oryza sativa L.）等谷物更容易受到热胁迫，主要是在配子体发生和开花阶段。在高温时期，灌浆往往对稻米的品质造成严重损害，从而造成产量损失。虽然编码白垩粒碳水化合物代谢酶的基因已经确定，但在蛋白质组学和糖糖学对原位温度的反应方面存在显著的知识空白。本文研究了2009年和2010年高温胁迫白垩粒（成熟温度分别为24.4℃和28.0℃）的半透明和不透明特性。两年份的垩白粒外观具有一定的相似性，2010年高温胁迫显著延长了籽粒垩白。扫描电镜观察显示，在白垩质颗粒的不透明部分，松散地排列着圆形的淀粉颗粒，其中有许多小凹坑。水稻白垩粒的蛋白质组学分析揭示了多种蛋白质的表达失调，这些蛋白质涉及多种代谢和生理功能，如蛋白质合成、氧化还原稳态、脂质代谢和淀粉的生物合成和降解。糖糖谱分析显示，2009- 2010年籽粒中淀粉链长分布略有差异。然而，在两年中，完美颗粒和白垩颗粒的半透明和不透明部分之间的链长分布没有明显变化。不透明部分的葡萄糖和可溶性淀粉含量在2010年高温胁迫下有所增加，而完美粒的葡萄糖和可溶性淀粉含量在2009- 2010年不同环境下均无显著差异。综上所述，在灌浆期高温胁迫下，水稻垩白粒的形成与α-淀粉酶的表达增加有关，主要是淀粉的降解而非淀粉的合成。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1186/s12284-016-0100-y）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Global climate models predict an increase in global mean temperature and a higher frequency of intense heat spikes during this century. Cereals such as rice (Oryza sativa L.) are more susceptible to heat stress, mainly during the gametogenesis and flowering stages. During periods of high temperatures, grain filling often causes serious damage to the grain quality of rice and, therefore, yield losses. While the genes encoding enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism of chalky grains have been established, a significant knowledge gap exists in the proteomic and glycomic responses to warm temperatures in situ. Here, we studied the translucent and opaque characters of high temperature stressed chalky grains of 2009 and 2010 (ripening temperatures: 24.4 and 28.0 °C, respectively). Appearance of chalky grains of both years showed some resemblance, and the high-temperature stress of 2010 remarkably extended the chalking of grain. Scanning electron microscopic observation showed that round-shaped starch granules with numerous small pits were loosely packed in the opaque part of the chalky grains. Proteomic analyzes of rice chalky grains revealed deregulations in the expression of multiple proteins implicated in diverse metabolic and physiological functions, such as protein synthesis, redox homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and starch biosynthesis and degradation. The glycomic profiling has shown slight differences in chain-length distributions of starches in the grains of 2009-to-2010. However, no significant changes were observed in the chain-length distributions between the translucent and opaque parts of perfect and chalky grains in both years. The glucose and soluble starch contents in opaque parts were increased by the high-temperature stress of 2010, though those in perfect grains were not different regardless of the environmental changes of 2009-to-2010. Together with previous findings on the increased expression of α-amylases in the endosperm, these results suggested that unusual starch degradation rather than starch synthesis is involved in occurring of chalky grains of rice under the high-temperature stress during grain filling period. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12284-016-0100-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.