ACETATE-MEDIATED EFFECTS OF ETHANOL
ACETATE-MEDIATED EFFECTS OF ETHANOL
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00894.x
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发表时间：
1994-02-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
CARMICHAEL, FJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ISRAEL, Y;ORREGO, H;CARMICHAEL, FJ
乙醇已被证明能显著增加门脉血流量，主要是通过增加肠道血流量。乙醇的这种作用是由醋酸盐复制的，注入的速度与注射乙醇后导致内源性醋酸酯产生的速率相同。生理介质，腺苷，也被认为能显著增加肠道和门脉分支的血流量。用8-苯茶碱阻断腺苷受体可完全消除乙醇、乙酸盐和腺苷对肠道和门静脉血流的影响，提示腺苷张力增加可能是乙醇和乙酸酯对内脏血管作用的共同机制。研究还表明，乙酸酯对中枢神经系统功能有显著影响。在运动协调性和麻醉剂效力的两项测试中，乙醇和醋酸盐都显示出类似的效果。醋酸酯的作用可被8-苯基茶碱完全消除。乙醇的作用可被8-苯基茶碱部分阻断，这种阻滞剂在低剂量酒精时的作用更强。当乙醇在低剂量时增加小鼠的运动活动时，醋酸盐显著地降低了它的作用。腺苷受体阻断剂8-苯茶碱可完全逆转乙酸酯对运动的影响，而乙醇对运动的激活作用可被该受体阻滞剂显著增强。这些数据表明，乙醇对运动活动的作用通常是乙醇本身的直接刺激作用和乙酸盐的抑制作用的组合，后者是由乙醇内源性产生的。当乙酸乙酯的后一种作用被腺苷受体阻断剂阻断后，乙醇的激活作用得到充分发挥。这些数据表明，乙酸乙酯不是一个惰性分子，乙醇的某些作用可能部分或完全由乙酸乙酯介导。
Ethanol has been shown to increase markedly portal blood flow, primarily by increasing intestinal blood flow. This effect of ethanol is reproduced by acetate, infused at rates equivalent to those leading to endogenous acetate production following ethanol administration. The physiological mediator, adenosine, is also known to increase markedly intestinal and portal tributary blood flow. We have shown that adenosine receptor blockade with 8-phenyltheophylline completely abolishes the effects of ethanol, acetate, and adenosine on intestinal and portal blood flow, suggesting that increases in adenosine tone may constitute a common mechanism mediating the actions of both ethanol and acetate on the splanchnic vasculature.Studies are also presented that show that acetate administration has marked effects on central nervous system function. On two tests, motor coordination and anesthetic potency, both ethanol and acetate showed similar effects. The effects of acetate were fully abolished by 8-phenyltheophylline. The effects of ethanol were partially blocked by 8-phenyltheophylline, with a greater effect of this blocker being seen at low doses of alcohol.Whereas ethanol at low doses increased locomotor activity in mice, acetate markedly reduced it. The effect of acetate on locomotion was fully reversed by the adenosine receptor blocker 8-phenyltheophylline, whereas the activating effect of ethanol on locomotion was markedly enhanced by this blocker. These data suggest that the actions of ethanol on locomotor activity normally result from the combination of a direct stimulatory effect of ethanol per se and an inhibitory effect of acetate, produced endogenously from ethanol. When the latter effect of acetate is abolished by adenosine receptor blockade, the activating effect of ethanol is fully expressed.These data demonstrate that acetate is not an inert molecule and that some actions of ethanol may be partially or fully mediated by acetate.