Robust estimators of palaeosecular variation

Robust estimators of palaeosecular variation
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古世变的稳健估计

DOI:
10.1093/gji/ggu443
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
Suttie N
Suttie N
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Suttie N

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费舍尔分布是古地磁学的核心,但在用于描述火山岩序列中观察到的地磁场方向时存在几个问题。首先,它引入了一个变浅的效果时,用于定义任何一组方向单位向量的平均值。这是有问题的,因为它可以表明存在持久的非轴向偶极子分量时,没有存在。更重要的是,它未能捕捉到观察到的“长尾”分布的两个方向和相关的虚拟磁极的角距离从中心方向。因此,为了实现对数据的良好拟合,需要引入第二分布(因此需要估计额外的参数)或任意删除数据。在这里,我们提出了一个新的分布来描述古地磁方向,并证明它克服了这两个问题,产生强大的指标的中心方向(或极位置)和传播的古地磁数据定义的单位向量。从假设极点(或方向)有一个预期的余纬度,而不是一个平均位置,我们推导出球形指数分布。我们证明,这种新的分布提供了一个很好的适合从7个大火成岩省之间的15和65马的古地磁数据集,也产生了数值发电机模型。我们还用它来推导出一个新的形状参数,它可以作为一个诊断工具,用于测试模型拟合数据的良好性,并使用此来论证5和15马之间的地磁行为的转变。此外,我们指出,这个新的统计量可以用来确定最合适的分布时,使用构造置信限极点。
The Fisher distribution is central to palaeomagnetism but presents several problems when used to characterize geomagnetic field directions as observed in sequences of volcanic rocks. First, it introduces a shallowing effect when used to define the mean of any group of directional unit vectors. This is problematic because it can suggest the presence of persistent non-axial dipole components when none are present. More importantly, it fails to capture the observed ‘long tail’ in distributions of both directions and associated virtual geomagnetic poles in terms of angular distance from a central direction. To achieve a good fit to data, it therefore requires the introduction of a second distribution (and therefore the estimation of additional parameters) or the arbitrary removal of data. Here we present a new distribution to describe palaeomagnetic directions and demonstrate that it overcomes both of these problems, generating robust indicators of both the central direction (or pole position) and the spread of palaeomagnetic data as defined by unit vectors. Starting from the assumption that poles (or directions) have an expected colatitude, rather than a mean location, we derive the spherical exponential distribution. We demonstrate that this new distribution provides a good fit to palaeomagnetic data sets from seven large igneous provinces between 15 and 65 Ma and also those produced by numerical dynamo models. We also use it to derive a new shape parameter which may be used as a diagnostic tool for testing goodness of fit of models to data and use this to argue for a shift in geomagnetic behaviour between 5 and 15 Ma. Furthermore, we point out that this new statistic can be used to determine the most appropriate distribution to be used when constructing confidence limits for poles.
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期刊: Proceedings of The Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
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期刊: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
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