Changes in upper airway muscle activation and ventilation during phasic REM sleep in normal men.
Changes in upper airway muscle activation and ventilation during phasic REM sleep in normal men.
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正常男性阶段性快速眼动睡眠期间上呼吸道肌肉激活和通气的变化。
DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1991.71.2.488
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
White,DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wiegand,L;Zwillich,CW;Wiegand,D;White,DP
一些研究人员观察到，健康受试者在快速眼动 (REM) 睡眠期间会出现不规则呼吸，在主动眼动 [阶段性 REM (PREM) 睡眠] 期间，通气抑制更为突出，而强直性 REM (TREM) 睡眠则相反，此时眼部活动不存在且通气更加规律。由于大量数据表明，快速眼球运动是睡眠诱发的神经事件的一种表现，可能对呼吸神经元产生重要影响，因此我们假设，在快速眼动睡眠中的主动眼球运动期间，上呼吸道扩张肌的激活也可能受到抑制。我们对六名正常男性进行了单次夜间睡眠研究。在研究期间连续记录标准睡眠分期参数、通气量以及颏舌肌和鼻翼肌电图（EMG）。当将 REM 作为单一睡眠阶段进行分析时，非 REM (NREM) 睡眠和 REM 睡眠之间的每分钟通气量、潮气量或颏舌肌或鼻翼肌电图振幅的任何指数均无显着差异。快速眼动睡眠期间的每次呼吸都被评分为“阶段性”或“强直性”，具体取决于其与眼电图上快速眼动偏转的接近程度。所有三种睡眠状态（NREM、PREM 和 TREM）的比较显示，与 TREM 睡眠相比，PREM 睡眠期间吸气峰值颏舌肌和鼻翼肌电图活动显着降低 [颏舌肌（任意单位）：NREM 49 +/- 12（平均值 +/- SE）、TREM 49 +/- 5、PREM 20 +/- 5（P 小于 0.05，PREM 与 TREM 和 TREM 不同）非快速眼动）；鼻翼：NREM 16 +/- 4，TREM 38 +/- 7，PREM 10 +/- 4（P 小于 0.05，PREM 与 TREM 不同）]。与其他人一样，我们还观察到，与 TREM 和 NREM 睡眠相比，PREM 睡眠期间的通气量、潮气量和平均吸气气流显着减少，呼吸频率增加。我们得出的结论是，通气不足与 PREM 睡眠期间上气道扩张肌激活减少是一致的，但机制仍有待建立。
Several investigators have observed that irregular breathing occurs during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep in healthy subjects, with ventilatory suppression being prominent during active eye movements [phasic REM (PREM) sleep] as opposed to tonic REM (TREM) sleep, when ocular activity is absent and ventilation more regular. Inasmuch as considerable data suggest that rapid eye movements are a manifestation of sleep-induced neural events that may importantly influence respiratory neurons, we hypothesized that upper airway dilator muscle activation may also be suppressed during periods of active eye movements in REM sleep. We studied six normal men during single nocturnal sleep studies. Standard sleep-staging parameters, ventilation, and genioglossus and alae nasi electromyograms (EMG) were continuously recorded during the study. There were no significant differences in minute ventilation, tidal volume, or any index of genioglossus or alae nasi EMG amplitude between non-REM (NREM) and REM sleep, when REM was analyzed as a single sleep stage. Each breath during REM sleep was scored as “phasic” or “tonic,” depending on its proximity to REM deflections on the electrooculogram. Comparison of all three sleep states (NREM, PREM, and TREM) revealed that peak inspiratory genioglossus and alae nasi EMG activities were significantly decreased during PREM sleep compared with TREM sleep [genioglossus (arbitrary units): NREM 49 +/- 12 (mean +/- SE), TREM 49 +/- 5, PREM 20 +/- 5 (P less than 0.05, PREM different from TREM and NREM); alae nasi: NREM 16 +/- 4, TREM 38 +/- 7, PREM 10 +/- 4 (P less than 0.05, PREM different from TREM)]. We also observed, as have others, that ventilation, tidal volume, and mean inspiratory airflow were significantly decreased and respiratory frequency was increased during PREM sleep compared with both TREM and NREM sleep. We conclude that hypoventilation occurs in concert with reduced upper airway dilator muscle activation during PREM sleep by mechanisms that remain to be established.