The functional microbiome of arthropods.
The functional microbiome of arthropods.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0176573
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Martinez Romero E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Degli Esposti M;Martinez Romero E
许多关于动物微生物组的研究已经报道，但缺乏全面的分析。在这里，我们提出了一个元分析的微生物组的节肢动物和他们的陆地栖息地，专注于功能概况的细菌群落的代谢特征是必不可少的微生物生命。我们报告了可能是微生物组研究中最大的一组生化定义的功能性状的详细分析。这项工作涉及变形菌门，它通常在海洋和陆地环境中占主导地位，并涵盖了与微生物组相关的所有功能。微生物组中变形菌的分布和丰度的相当大的变化仍然是根本无法解释的。这种分析揭示了离散的功能组特征适应厌氧条件下，这似乎是由环境过滤的分类相关的类群。功能群的生物化学多样化表明节肢动物微生物组结构的进化轨迹，从代谢多样性到适应复杂环境（如社会昆虫的肠道）的专门蛋白细菌生物体。节肢动物微生物组中的细菌分布也显示出与功能组不对应的分类集群，可能来自其他因素，包括土壤和试剂的常见污染物。
Many studies on the microbiome of animals have been reported but a comprehensive analysis is lacking. Here we present a meta-analysis on the microbiomes of arthropods and their terrestrial habitat, focusing on the functional profile of bacterial communities derived from metabolic traits that are essential for microbial life. We report a detailed analysis of probably the largest set of biochemically defined functional traits ever examined in microbiome studies. This work deals with the phylum proteobacteria, which is usually dominant in marine and terrestrial environments and covers all functions associated with microbiomes. The considerable variation in the distribution and abundance of proteobacteria in microbiomes has remained fundamentally unexplained. This analysis reveals discrete functional groups characteristic for adaptation to anaerobic conditions, which appear to be defined by environmental filtering of taxonomically related taxa. The biochemical diversification of the functional groups suggests an evolutionary trajectory in the structure of arthropods’ microbiome, from metabolically versatile to specialized proteobacterial organisms that are adapted to complex environments such as the gut of social insects. Bacterial distribution in arthropods’ microbiomes also shows taxonomic clusters that do not correspond to functional groups and may derive from other factors, including common contaminants of soil and reagents.