Figures-of-merit for the technical development and application of advanced oxidation technologies for both electric- and solar-driven systems - (IUPAC Technical Report)
Figures-of-merit for the technical development and application of advanced oxidation technologies for both electric- and solar-driven systems - (IUPAC Technical Report)
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DOI：
10.1351/pac200173040627
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发表时间：
2001-04-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Tolman, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bolton, JR;Bircher, KG;Tolman, CA
高级氧化技术（AOTs）涉及原位生成强效化学氧化剂，如羟基自由基。哦)。已成为加速氧化（即去除）受污染的水和空气中各种有机污染物的重要技术。在本报告中，提出了对这些废物处理技术进行比较和评价的标准优点值。这些优点是基于电能消耗（对于电能驱动系统）或集热器面积（对于太阳能驱动系统）。它们符合两种现象学动力学顺序制度：1)高污染物浓度（每质量的电能）。E-EM或每质量的集热器面积，A(CM))和2)对于低浓度（每数量级的电能，E-EO，或每数量级的集热器面积，A(CO)）。此外，对废物流中有机污染物去除的总体动力学行为（即，无论是零阶还是一阶）的简单理解对于描述有意义的电能或太阳能效率是必要的。这些标准的价值值提供了与先进氧化技术的电能或太阳能效率（值越低意味着效率越高）的直接联系，与系统的性质无关，因此可以直接比较广泛不同的aot。这些数值也显示出与基本效率因素成反比，例如灯的效率（用于电气系统），在水溶液中吸收的发射光的比例，以及产生活性自由基的量子产率。
Advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs), which involve the in situ generation of highly potent chemical oxidants, such as the hydroxyl radical (. OH). have emerged as an important class of technologies for accelerating the oxidation land hence removal) of a wide range of organic contaminants in polluted water and air. In this report, standard figures-of-merit are proposed for the comparison and evaluation of these waste treatment technologies. These figures-of-merit are based on electric-energy consumption (for electric-energy-driven systems) or collector area (for solar-energy-driven systems). They fit within two phenomenological kinetic order regimes: 1)for high contaminant concentrations (electric energy per mass. E-EM or collector area per mass, A(CM)) and 2) for low concentrations (electric energy per order of magnitude, E-EO, or collector area per order of magnitude, A(CO)). Furthermore, a simple understanding of the overall kinetic behavior of organic contaminant removal in a waste stream (i.e., whether zero- or first-order) is shown to be necessary for the description of meaningful electric- or solar-energy efficiencies. These standard figures-of-merit provide a direct link to the electric- or solar-energy efficiency (lower values mean higher efficiency) of an advanced oxidation technology, independent of the nature of the system, and therefore allow for direct comparison of widely disparate AOTs. These figures-of-merit are also shown to be inversely proportional to fundamental efficiency factors, such as the lamp efficiency (for electrical systems), the fraction of the emitted light that is absorbed in the aqueous solution, and the quantum yield of generation of active radicals.