The positive impacts of early-life education on cognition, leisure activity, and brain structure in healthy aging
The positive impacts of early-life education on cognition, leisure activity, and brain structure in healthy aging
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早期生命教育对健康老龄化过程中的认知、休闲活动和大脑结构的积极影响
DOI：
10.18632/aging.102088
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发表时间：
2019-07-31
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Zhang, Zhanjun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Yaojing;Lv, Chenlong;Zhang, Zhanjun
早期教育与认知功能呈正相关，但其对具体认知领域的调节作用、与休闲活动的相互作用以及相关的大脑变化还有待研究。本报告使用了659名认知正常的社区老年人的数据，他们完成了神经心理测试，休闲活动测量，其中78人进行了结构和弥散MRI扫描。我们发现：（1）高学历老年人多领域认知功能较好，参与与知识相关的休闲活动的频率较高，执行功能的年龄相关性下降较慢;（2）智力型和社会型休闲活动在教育与多个认知领域（包括记忆、语言、注意和执行功能）之间起中介作用;（3）年龄与教育程度的交互作用对前脑灰质体积和白色质完整性有显著影响;（4）年龄与教育程度的交互作用通过结构方程模型分析的白色质完整性间接影响认知。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，早期的高教育程度是衰老的一个保护因素，可能有助于推迟认知和大脑储备在认知正常衰老中的下降。
Education in people's early lives are positively related to their cognitive function, but its modulating effects on detailed cognition domains, its interaction with leisure activities and the associated brain changes have yet to be investigated. This report used data from 659 cognitively normal community dwelling elderly who completed neuropsychological tests, leisure activities measurement, and 78 of them underwent structural and diffusion MRI scans. We found that: (i) the highly educated elderly had a better cognitive functioning in multi-domains, higher frequencies of participation in knowledge-related leisure activities, and slower age-related reductions of executive function; (ii) the intellectual and social types of leisure activities mediated the association between education and multiple cognitive domains, including memory, language, attention and executive function; (iii) there was a significant age by education interaction on the gray matter volume of the anterior brain regions and white matter integrity; and (iv) the interaction between age and education affected cognition indirectly through white matter integrity analyzed using structural equation model. Overall, our results revealed that high education in early life served as a protective factor in aging that may help to postpone cognitive and brain reserve decline in cognitively normal aging.