CHEMICAL REGULATORS OF GIBBERELLIN STATUS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN PLANT PRODUCTION
CHEMICAL REGULATORS OF GIBBERELLIN STATUS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN PLANT PRODUCTION
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DOI：
10.1002/9781119210436.ch12
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rademacher, Wilhelm
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rademacher, Wilhelm
赤霉素及其生物合成抑制剂广泛应用于现代农业、园艺和葡萄栽培。他们的全球市场在5亿美元左右。赤霉素GA（3）、GA（4）和GA（7）主要用于提高果树和食用葡萄和酿酒葡萄的果实产量和/或质量。赤霉素生物合成途径的不同步骤可被生长阻滞剂抑制：矮壮素和甲哌快、啶虫脒、氟唑醇、多效唑、烯效唑，以及目前用于作物生产的杀菌剂戊唑醇和叶菌唑、丁酰肼、抗倒酯和调环酮钙。生长延缓剂减少了芽的伸长，从而降低了谷物、水稻和油菜倒伏的风险，并使植株更加紧凑。棉花和花生诱导了更好的冠层结构，并改善了生殖结构的形成。在果树和坚果树中，需要较少的修剪，并获得作物产量和质量的增加。
Gibberellins and inhibitors of their biosynthesis are widely used in modern agriculture, horticulture and viticulture. Their global market is in the range of US$ 500 million. The gibberellins GA(3), GA(4) and GA(7) are primarily used to increase fruit yield and/or quality in fruit trees and table and wine grapes. Distinct steps of the gibberellin biosynthetic pathway can be inhibited by growth retardants: chlormequat and mepiquat chloride, ancymidol, flurprimidol, paclobutrazol, uniconazole, and the fungicides tebuconazole and metconazole and daminozide, trinexapac-ethyl and prohexadione-calcium are currently used in crop production. Growth retardants reduce shoot elongation, thereby lowering the risk of lodging in cereals, rice and oilseed rape, and making ornamentals more compact. A better canopy structure with improved formation of reproductive structures is induced in cotton and peanuts. In fruit and nut trees, less pruning is required and increases in crop yield and quality are obtained.