PlioMIP2 simulations with NorESM-L and NorESM1-F
PlioMIP2 simulations with NorESM-L and NorESM1-F
复制标题
使用 NorESM-L 和 NorESM1-F 进行 PlioMIP2 模拟
DOI：
10.5194/cp-16-183-2020
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发表时间：
2020-01-23
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Zhang, Ran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Xiangyu;Guo, Chuncheng;Zhang, Ran
抽象。作为上新世模型相互比较的延续
项目（PlioMIP），PlioMIP第2阶段（PlioMIP 2）协调广泛的选择
不同的气候模型实验，旨在进一步改善我们的
了解上新世晚期的气候和环境，
更新边界条件。在这里，我们报告PlioMIP 2模拟进行
挪威地球系统模型（NorESM）的两个版本，
NorESM-L和NorESM 1-F，更新了边界条件，
Pliocene Research，Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping version 4（PRISM4）.
NorESM 1-M是NorESM的版本，它对耦合模型有贡献
相互比较项目第五阶段。NorESM-L是低分辨率的
NorESM 1-M，而NorESM 1-F是计算效率高的版本。
NorESM 1-M，具有类似的分辨率和更新的物理特性。相对于
NorESM 1-M，在模拟的强度有显着的改善，
大西洋经向翻转
环流（AMOC）和NorESM 1-F中海冰的分布，部分原因是更新的
海洋物理学两个NorESM版本都产生温暖和潮湿
上新世气候，陆地比海洋变暖。相对
到前工业化时期，模拟的上新世全球平均地面空气
NorESM-L的温度高2.1摄氏度，
与NorESM 1-F，以及相应的全球平均海面
温度升高1.5和1.2 ℃。模拟
上新世降水量增加0.14 mm d-1
在全球范围内，在两个模型版本中，热带和
特别是在季风区，
在亚热带地区，热带辐合带（ITCZ）
北半球夏季在大西洋和非洲向北移动。在
在模拟的上新世温暖湿润的世界中，AMOC变得更深更强，AMOC水平达到最大
在NorESM-L和NorESM 1-F条件下，对流层翻转环流分别增加了1.9%和1.15
在太平洋和印度洋略有增强。虽然两
模型产生类似的上新世气候，他们也产生一些
差异，特别是南大洋和北方中部
和高纬度地区，应通过PlioMIP 2进行调查，
未来与PlioMIP 1相比，
NorESM-L在PlioMIP 2中较弱，但在其他方面显示出非常相似的响应。
Abstract. As a continuation of the Pliocene Model Intercomparison
Project (PlioMIP), PlioMIP Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) coordinates a wide selection
of different climate model experiments aimed at further improving our
understanding of the climate and environments during the late Pliocene with
updated boundary conditions. Here we report on PlioMIP2 simulations carried
out by the two versions of the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM),
NorESM-L and NorESM1-F, with updated boundary conditions derived from the
Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping version 4 (PRISM4).
NorESM1-M is the version of NorESM that contributed to the Coupled Model
Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). NorESM-L is the low-resolution of
NorESM1-M, whereas NorESM1-F is a computationally efficient version of
NorESM1-M, with similar resolutions and updated physics. Relative to
NorESM1-M, there are notable improvements in simulating the strength of the
Atlantic meridional overturning
circulation (AMOC) and the distribution of sea ice in NorESM1-F, partly due to the updated
ocean physics. The two NorESM versions both produce warmer and wetter
Pliocene climate, with a greater warming over land than over ocean. Relative
to the preindustrial period, the simulated Pliocene global mean surface air
temperature is 2.1 ∘ C higher with NorESM-L and 1.7 ∘ C higher
with NorESM1-F, and the corresponding global mean sea surface
temperature enhances by 1.5 and 1.2 ∘ C. The simulated
precipitation for the Pliocene increases by 0.14 mm d −1
globally in both model versions, with large increases in the tropics and
especially in the monsoon regions and only minor changes, or even slight
decreases, in subtropical regions. The intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)
shifts northward in the Atlantic and Africa in boreal summer. In the
simulated warmer and wetter Pliocene world, AMOC becomes deeper and stronger, with the maximum AMOC levels
increasing by ∼9 % (with NorESM-L) and ∼15 % (with NorESM1-F), while the meridional overturning circulation
slightly strengthens in the Pacific and Indian oceans. Although the two
models produce similar Pliocene climates, they also generate some
differences, in particular for the Southern Ocean and the northern middle
and high latitudes, which should be investigated through PlioMIP2 in the
future. As compared to PlioMIP1, the simulated Pliocene warming with
NorESM-L is weaker in PlioMIP2 but otherwise shows very similar responses.