A further survey of the quantitative trait loci affecting swine body size and carcass traits in five related pig populations
A further survey of the quantitative trait loci affecting swine body size and carcass traits in five related pig populations
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DOI：
10.1111/age.13112
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发表时间：
2021-06-28
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Guo, Y-m
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, L-y;Xiao, S-j;Guo, Y-m
育种获得良好的肉质性能，同时保持较大的体型和理想的胴体性状一直是现代猪选择性育种的主要挑战。为了实现这一目标，在目前的工作中，我们研究了两个商业品种（伯克夏猪和杜洛克猪）和两个中国品种（力查黑猪和鲁莱黑猪）产生的五个相关种群。利用自主研发的China Chip-1猪SNP50K BeadChip对20个体型和胴体性状进行单性状GWAS，鉴定出9条染色体上的11个全基因组显着QTL和15条染色体上的22个暗示性QTL。 11个全基因组显着QTL中，有8个在至少两个群体中检测到，其余为群体特异性，仅在山峡黑猪中定位。大多数全基因组显着QTL是多效性的；例如，SSC4 上 75.65 Mb 左右的 QTL 与全基因组显着性水平的四个性状相关。对每个全基因组显着QTL的顶部SNP 50 kb以内的基因进行筛选后，选择NR6A1和VRTN作为椎骨数量的候选基因； PLAG1和BMP2被确定为体型的候选基因； MC4R是体重的有力候选基因。在之前的研究中，这四个基因分别被报道为胸椎数量、腰椎数量、胴体长度和体重的候选基因。 VRTN对胸椎数量、胴体长度和体长的影响已在山峡黑猪身上得到验证。因此，VRTN基因型可用于基因辅助选择，加速山峡黑猪体型和胴体性状的遗传改良。
Breeding for good meat quality performance while maintaining large body size and desirable carcass traits has been the major challenge for modern swine selective breeding. To address this goal, in the present work we studied five related populations produced by two commercial breeds (Berkshire and Duroc) and two Chinese breeds (Licha black pig and Lulai black pig). A single-trait GWAS performed on 20 body size and carcass traits using a self-developed China Chip-1 porcine SNP50K BeadChip identified 11 genome-wide significant QTL on nine chromosomes and 22 suggestive QTL on 15 chromosomes. For the 11 genome-wide significant QTL, eight were detected in at least two populations, and the rest were population-specific and only mapped in Shanxia black pig. Most of the genome-wide significant QTL were pleiotropic; for example, the QTL around 75.65 Mb on SSC4 was associated with four traits at genome-wide significance level. After screening the genes within 50 kb of the top SNP for each genome-wide significant QTL, NR6A1 and VRTN were chosen as candidate genes for vertebrae number; PLAG1 and BMP2 were identified as candidate genes for body size; and MC4R was the strong candidate gene for body weight. The four genes have been reported as candidates for thoracic vertebrae number, lumbar vertebrae number, carcass length and body weight respectively in previous studies. The effects of VRTN on thoracic vertebrae number, carcass length and body length have been verified in Shanxia black pig. Therefore, the VRTN genotype could be used in gene-assisted selection, and this could accelerate genetic improvement of body size and carcass traits in Shanxia black pig.