Using pictographs to enhance recall of spoken medical instructions
Using pictographs to enhance recall of spoken medical instructions
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DOI：
10.1016/s0738-3991(98)00065-2
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发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Localio, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Houts, PS;Bachrach, R;Localio, RA
象形文字在没有文字的社会中被用来帮助人们记住口头指示，今天，它们可以用来帮助没有文字的人记住口头医疗指示。本研究以21名大专生为被试，分别听38个退烧动作和50个口疮动作，以验证象形文字能提高口头医疗指示记忆的假设。其中一个动作列表在听和回忆时都伴随着象形图，而另一个则没有。受试者在干预期间没有看到任何书面文字，因此，完全依赖于他们所听到的记忆。使用象形文字的平均正确回忆率为85%，不使用象形文字的平均正确回忆率为14%（P < 0.0001），这表明象形文字可以增强口头医疗指示的记忆-通常达到非常高的水平。为了使这种技术在临床上有用，需要进一步研究如何使不识字的患者在长时间内准确回忆大量的医学信息。通过将文盲视为记忆问题，可以利用大量关于学习和记忆的研究来设计针对这一群体的教育材料。(C)1998爱思唯尔科学爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Pictographs have been used in nonliterate societies to help people remember spoken instructions and, today, they could be used to help nonliterate people remember spoken medical instructions. This study tested the hypothesis that pictographs can improve recall of spoken medical instructions, Twenty-one junior college subjects listened to lists of 38 actions for managing fever and 50 actions for managing sore mouth. One of the action lists was accompanied by pictographs during both listening and recall while the other was not. Subjects did not see any written words during the intervention and, therefore, relied entirely on memory of what they heard. Mean correct recall was 85% with pictographs and 14% without (P < 0.0001) indicating that pictographs can enhance memory of spoken medical instructions - often to a very high level. For this technique to be clinically useful, further research is needed on how to achieve accurate recall of large amounts of medical information for long periods of rime by nonliterate patients, By viewing illiteracy as a memory problem, the large body of research on learning and memory can be utilized in designing education materials for this group. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.