Time dynamics of emergency response network for hazardous chemical accidents: A case study in China
Time dynamics of emergency response network for hazardous chemical accidents: A case study in China
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危险化学品事故应急响应网络时间动态：以中国为例
DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119239
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Kang, Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Du, Lei;Feng, Yingbin;Kang, Wei
当前世界范围内危险化学品事故频发，如何建立有效的危险化学品事故应急响应网络成为一个亟待解决的问题。针对以往静态神经网络研究无法反映应急响应过程中行动者之间动态交互模式的问题，本文从时间动态的角度对危险化学品事故应急响应网络进行了研究。本文选取2019年3月刚刚发生的重大危险化学品事故——江苏响水3.21化工厂爆炸事故作为案例。基于事故应急响应过程的时间切片，运用社会网络分析（SNA）分析了应急响应网络、组织功能和组织位置随时间的动态演变。研究结果揭示了集中管理体制下应急响应网络的动态特性。随着时间的推移，应急响应网络变得更加分散，而不是集中；中央组织的职能因每个时期的应对需要而异；参与者在网络中的位置随着时间的推移而变化。集中管理体制下，公共部门组织是应急响应网络的核心；而非营利组织和私人组织则基本上被边缘化。中心化和去中心化相辅相成的混合网络可能更有效。应以时间动态的方式考虑危险化学品事故的ERN，并应更加重视公共部门组织、非营利组织和私营组织之间的协作，以提高应急响应效率。这些发现可以拓展研究人员和从业人员对危险化学品事故应急响应网络的动态认识，对于减少和控制危险化学品事故造成的经济损失、社会风险和环境损害具有重要意义。(c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Since currently hazardous chemical accidents occur frequently around the world, how to build up an effective emergency response network (ERN) for hazardous chemical accidents become an urgent issue. Given the truth that previous static ERN research could not reflect the dynamic interaction patterns among actors in emergency response process, this paper studied the emergency response network for hazardous chemical accidents from the perspective of temporal dynamics. Jiangsu Xiangshui 3.21 chemical plant explosion accident, a major hazardous chemical accident just happened in March 2019, was selected as a case in this paper. Based on the time slices of the accident emergency response process, the dynamic evolution of emergency response network, organization functions, and organization positions over time were analyzed by social network analysis (SNA). The results revealed the dynamics of emergency response network in the context of centralized administrative systems. Emergency response network became more decentralized over time, rather than centralized; central organization functions varied depending on the response needs in each period; and positions of participants in network changed as time passed. The results also showed that under the centralized administrative systems, public-sector organizations were the core of emergency response network; whilst non-profit organizations and private organizations were largely marginalized. A hybrid network with centralization and decentralization complement each other may be more effective. ERN for hazardous chemical accidents should be considered in a time-dynamic way and collaborations among public sector organizations, NPOs and private organizations should be paid more attention to improve the emergency response efficiency. These findings may expand knowledge for researchers and practitioners to understand emergency response network of hazardous chemical accidents from dynamic perspectives, having an important significance for reducing and controlling economic losses, social risks and environmental damage caused by hazardous chemical accidents. (c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.