Determining bid markup and resources allocated to cost estimation in competitive bidding
Determining bid markup and resources allocated to cost estimation in competitive bidding
复制标题
在竞争性招标中确定投标加价和分配给成本估算的资源
DOI：
10.1016/j.autcon.2017.06.007
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
Muraki Masaaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takano Yuichi;Ishii Nobuaki;Muraki Masaaki
为了通过竞争性投标赢得项目合同，承包商提交的投标价格是通过在估计的项目成本上加价来确定的。因此，投标的成功在很大程度上取决于估计的准确性，这意味着应该为估计过程分配足够的资源。本文提出了一种新的优化模型，同时确定投标加价和资源，应分配给成本估算。我们开始推导出这个同时优化模型的最优性条件，并用数值例子说明它们，为此目的，我们只假设一个单一的竞争对手和均匀分布的估计误差。为了分析更现实的情况，我们然后检查我们的模型的计算解决方案。通过这两种方法，我们研究了加价决策和资源分配对承包商的预期利润的影响，我们强调的加价和分配在竞争性投标的意义。
To win a project contract through competitive bidding, contractors submit a bid price that is determined by putting a markup on the estimated project cost. The success of the bid is therefore heavily dependent on the accuracy of that estimate, meaning that sufficient resources should be allocated to the estimation process. This paper develops a novel optimization model for simultaneously determining the bid markup and the resources that should be allocated to cost estimation. We begin by deriving optimality conditions for this simultaneous optimization model and illustrating them with numerical examples, for which purpose only we assume a single competitor and uniformly distributed estimation errors. To analyze a more realistic situation, we then examine computational solutions to our model. Through these two approaches, we investigate the effects of the bid-markup decision and resource allocation on the contractor's expected profit, and we highlight the significance in competitive bidding of the markup and allocation.