A 60-m Range 6.16-mW Laser-Power Linear-Mode LiDAR System With Multiplex ADC/TDC in 65-nm CMOS
A 60-m Range 6.16-mW Laser-Power Linear-Mode LiDAR System With Multiplex ADC/TDC in 65-nm CMOS
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DOI：
10.1109/tcsi.2019.2955671
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Zhu, Zhangming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Maliang;Liu, Haizhu;Zhu, Zhangming
本文提出了一种采用多路模数转换器/时间数字转换器（ADC/TDC）的线性模式光探测和测距（LiDAR）模拟前端架构。通过增加一个电压时间转换器（VTC）和一个重复使用的TDC同时实现ADC和TDC功能，从而取代分立的ADC和TDC，节省硬件成本，降低功耗。为了降低对光信噪比（OSNR）的影响，提出了一种超低功耗、低噪声、高增益/低增益模式（长/短距离模式）的三级逆变器跨阻放大器（TIA）。原型TIA和ADC/TDC采用65纳米CMOS技术制造，并集成到基于apd的单线激光雷达系统中。TIA和ADC/TDC的接收器前端功耗仅为12.44 mw。接收机前端最小检测电流小于238 nA，带宽为150MHz，适合远距离和弱光检测。激光雷达在70 klx的直射阳光下实现60米的测量范围，平均激光功率仅为6.16 mW。实验结果表明，与采用ADC、TDC、ADC+TDC架构的传统架构相比，该架构适用于低成本的多线集成激光雷达应用。
This paper presents a linear-mode light detection and ranging (LiDAR) analog front-end architecture with multiplex analog-to-digital converter/time-to-digital converter (ADC/TDC). An added voltage-to-time converter (VTC) and a reused TDC are simultaneously used to implement the ADC and TDC function, thus replacing discrete ADC and TDC, saving hardware cost and reducing power consumption. A three-stage inverter-based transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with ultra-low-power, low-noise and high/low gain mode (long/short range mode) is proposed to reduce its influence to optical signal-to-noise ratios (OSNR). The prototype TIA and ADC/TDC is fabricated in the 65-nm CMOS technology and integrated into the single-line APD-based LiDAR system. The receiver front-end of TIA and ADC/TDC only consumes 12.44-mW. The minimum detection current of the receiver front-end is less than 238 nA with bandwidth of 150MHz for long-range and weak-light detection. LiDAR achieves a measurement range of 60 m with a 70-klx direct sunlight and only 6.16 mW average laser power. Experimental results show that this architecture is suitable for low-cost multi-line integrated LiDAR applications compared to conventional architecture using ADC, TDC, ADC+TDC architecture.