Characteristics of carbonyls: Concentrations and source strengths for indoor and outdoor residential microenvironments in China
Characteristics of carbonyls: Concentrations and source strengths for indoor and outdoor residential microenvironments in China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.11.039
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发表时间：
2007-04
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Bei Wang;Shuncheng Lee;K. Ho
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bei Wang;Shuncheng Lee;K. Ho
对北京、上海、广州和西安4个城市的12个住宅在夏季（2004年7月至9月）和冬季（2004年12月至2005年2月）的室内外羰基浓度进行了同步测定。甲醛是室内最丰富的羰基化合物，而甲醛、乙醛和丙酮是室外最丰富的羰基化合物。夏季室内空气中甲醛的平均浓度在不同城市之间差异很大，从西安的19.3μgm− 3到北京的92.8μgm− 3不等。结果表明，吸烟、焚香或通风不良的居室内某些羰基化合物的浓度显著高于其他居室。值得注意的是，尽管这项研究中有一半的住宅安装了低排放的建筑材料或家具，但羰基化合物的水平仍然很高。结果还表明，广州市两处住宅冬季室内和室外丙酮浓度均明显偏高，这主要是由于广州周边的油漆制造业和其他行业使用丙酮作为工业溶剂，以及丙酮通过光解和OH反应去除的寿命相对较长所致。我国住宅室内羰基化合物水平高于其他国家。室内和周围环境中羰基化合物的水平有很大的季节差异。对六种羰基化合物进行了室内源强估算。室内甲醛源强度最大，夏季平均为5.25mgh-1，冬季平均为1.98mgh-1。而丙醛、巴豆醛和苯甲醛的室内来源最弱。
Indoor and outdoor carbonyl concentrations were measured simultaneously in 12 urban dwellings in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Xi’an, China in summer (from July to September in 2004) and winter (from December 2004 to February 2005). Formaldehyde was the most abundant indoor carbonyls species, while formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were found to be the most abundant outdoor carbonyls species. The average formaldehyde concentrations in summer indoor air varied widely between cities, ranging from a low of 19.3μgm−3in Xi’an to a high of 92.8μgm−3in Beijing. The results showed that the dwellings with tobacco smoke, incense burning or poor ventilation had significantly higher indoor concentrations of certain carbonyls. It was noticed that although one half of the dwellings in this study installed with low emission building materials or furniture, the carbonyls levels were still significantly high. It was also noted that in winter both the indoor and outdoor acetone concentrations in two dwellings in Guangzhou were significantly high, which were mainly caused by the usage of acetone as industrial solvent in many paint manufacturing and other industries located around Guangzhou and relatively longer lifetime of acetone for removal by photolysis and OH reaction than other carbonyls species. The indoor carbonyls levels in Chinese dwellings were higher than that in dwellings in the other countries. The levels of indoor and ambient carbonyls showed great seasonal differences. Six carbonyls species were carried out the estimation of indoor source strengths. Formaldehyde had the largest indoor source strength, with an average of 5.25mgh−1in summer and 1.98mgh−1in winter, respectively. However, propionaldehyde, crotonaldehyde and benzaldehyde had the weakest indoor sources.