Maritime and Underwater Cultural Heritage Management on the Historic and Arabian Trade Routes
Maritime and Underwater Cultural Heritage Management on the Historic and Arabian Trade Routes
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历史和阿拉伯贸易路线上的海洋和水下文化遗产管理
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-55837-6_6
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bita C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bita C
考古证实，历史记录表明，肯尼亚海岸是斯瓦希里海岸的一部分，也被称为西印度洋（WIO），与古代全球贸易网络相连。这些早期的海外接触可以从贸易航行和历史港口城市的参考资料中得到证明，这些港口城市点缀在靠近海岸的地方。比如阿拉伯人，他们相互影响，在这片海岸统治了很长时间。海上的相互作用留下了过去的物质痕迹，包括沉船、历史遗迹、大炮和锚。肯尼亚拥有丰富的海洋和水下文化遗产（MUCH）是毋庸置疑的。肯尼亚是第一个发起水下考古考察的撒哈拉以南国家，从而在法律上承认了水下文化遗产的价值。多年来，国家进行了水下考古调查，以记录和了解其中的水下文化遗产。肯尼亚国家博物馆（NMK）是国际知名的文化遗产机构，是肯尼亚文化遗产的指定保管人。通过该机构，该国正在实施许多方案，包括水下考古、公众意识和水下文物保护领域的能力建设。本章考察了肯尼亚海洋和水下文化遗产的现状，以及应用和纳入当前全球化思维的观点。它讨论了肯尼亚为解决能力和管理需求而制定的方法，以及在古代阿拉伯贸易路线的更广泛遗产中对国家MUCH的叙述。
Archaeology, corroborated by historical records has shown that the Kenyan coast, which is part of the Swahili coast, also referred to as Western Indian Ocean (WIO), was connected to ancient global trade networks. These early overseas contacts are evidenced by references to trading voyages and historic port cities that are dotted at close proximity to this coast. The Arabs for instance, interacted and had a long reign on this coast. Maritime interactions have left material traces of this past, including shipwrecks, historic monuments, cannons and anchors. That Kenya has a rich maritime and underwater cultural heritage (MUCH) is not in doubt. Kenya was the first sub-Saharan country to initiate an underwater archaeological expedition thus legally recognizing the value of underwater cultural heritage. Over the years the country has undertaken underwater archaeological surveys to document and understand the underwater cultural heritage therein. The National Museums of Kenya (NMK) is an internationally reputed heritage institution, which is the designated custodian of Kenya’s cultural heritage. Through this institution the country is putting in place MUCH programmes, including capacity building in the field of underwater archaeology, public awareness and underwater artifact conservation. This chapter examines the current state of MUCH in Kenya and the perspectives as applied and incorporated into the current globalized thinking on maritime and underwater cultural heritage. It discusses the approaches developed by Kenya to address capacity and management needs and the national MUCH narrative within the broader heritage of the ancient Arabian trade routes.