The mechanism of suppression: a component of general comprehension skill.
The mechanism of suppression: a component of general comprehension skill.
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DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.17.2.245
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发表时间：
1991-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Gernsbacher;M. Faust
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Gernsbacher;M. Faust
我们考察了抑制的认知机制是否是成人理解技能差异的基础。较不熟练的理解者较不会有效地拒绝歧义单词的不适当含义(例如，扑克牌与花园工具黑桃的含义)、不正确的同音形式(例如，患者与耐心)、场景中非常典型但缺席的成员(例如，农场场景中的拖拉机)、以及叠加在图片或图片上的单词。然而，技能较低的理解者并不比技能较强的理解者更清楚什么是语境合适的；事实上，他们从有偏见的语境中获益的程度与技能较高的理解者一样多(甚至更多)。因此，技能较低的理解者在增强上下文适当的信息方面没有困难。相反，我们认为，技能较低的理解者会受到效率较低的抑制机制的影响，我们得出结论，抑制机制是一般理解技能的重要组成部分。
We investigated whether the cognitive mechanism of suppression underlies differences in adult comprehension skill. Less skilled comprehenders reject less efficiently the inappropriate meanings of ambiguous words (e.g., the playing card vs. garden tool meaning of spade), the incorrect forms of homophones (e.g., patients vs. patience), the highly typical but absent members of scenes (e.g., a tractor in a farm scene), and words superimposed on pictures or pictures surrounding words. However, less skilled comprehenders are not less cognizant of what is contextually appropriate; in fact, they benefit from a biasing context just as much (and perhaps more) as more skilled comprehenders do. Thus, less skilled comprehenders do not have difficulty enhancing contextually appropriate information. Instead, we suggest that less skilled comprehenders suffer from a less efficient suppression mechanism, which we conclude is an important component of general comprehension skill.