Projected shifts in the foraging habitat of crabeater seals along the Antarctic Peninsula
Projected shifts in the foraging habitat of crabeater seals along the Antarctic Peninsula
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DOI：
10.1038/s41558-020-0745-9
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发表时间：
2020-04-27
影响因子：
30.7
通讯作者：
Costa, Daniel P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huckstadt, Luis A.;Pinones, Andrea;Costa, Daniel P.
食蟹海豹的饮食极为特殊，几乎只吃南极磷虾。这种专业化有着千丝万缕的联系，栖息地的使用，生活史和这种鳍足类物种的进化，其猎物的分布。因此，海狮的觅食生境可以用来推断南极磷虾的分布。在这里，我们结合海豹的运动和潜水行为与环境变量，建立一个觅食栖息地模型的螃蟹海豹快速变化的南极半岛西部（WAP）。我们的预测表明，未来的食蟹海豹觅食栖息地，并推断，磷虾分布将扩大到近海沃茨和南部WAP响应循环，水温和海冰分布的变化。南极磷虾生物量预计将受到环境变化的不利影响，预计将表现为沿海沃茨磷虾密度的下降，对陆地/冰基磷虾捕食者群落产生影响，特别是在北方WAP。结合海豹的足迹和潜水行为与环境变量允许未来的觅食栖息地，因此磷虾的分布，进行预测，这表明海上和南部沿着南极半岛西部的转移。
Crabeater seals exhibit extreme dietary specialization, feeding almost exclusively on Antarctic krill. This specialization has inextricably linked habitat use, life history and evolution of this pinniped species to the distribution of its prey. Therefore, the foraging habitat of crabeater seals can be used to infer the distribution of Antarctic krill. Here, we combined seal movements and diving behaviour with environmental variables to build a foraging habitat model for crabeater seals for the rapidly changing western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP). Our projections show that future crabeater seal foraging habitat and, by inference, krill distribution will expand towards offshore waters and the southern WAP in response to changes in circulation, water temperature and sea ice distribution. Antarctic krill biomass is projected to be negatively affected by the environmental changes, which are anticipated to manifest as a decrease in krill densities in coastal waters, with impacts on the land-/ice-based krill predator community, particularly in the northern WAP.Crabeater seals feed predominantly on Antarctic krill. Combining seal tracks and diving behaviour with environmental variables allows the future foraging habitat, and therefore krill distribution, to be predicted, suggesting a shift offshore and south along the western Antarctic Peninsula.