Desiccation of a saline lake as a lock-in phenomenon: A socio-hydrological perspective
Desiccation of a saline lake as a lock-in phenomenon: A socio-hydrological perspective
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盐湖干化作为一种锁定现象：社会水文视角
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152347
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Sivapalan, Murugesu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pouladi, Parsa;Nazemi, Amir Reza;Pouladi, Mehrsa;Nikraftar, Zahir;Mohammadi, Mohammadreza;Yousefi, Peyman;Yu, David J.;Afshar, Abbas;Aubeneau, Antoine;Sivapalan, Murugesu
了解社会水文系统中人为干旱如何发生对于研究这些系统的恢复能力至关重要。当流域干燥“锁定”作为社会动态与地表水和地下水过程之间耦合的紧急结果而发生时，这一点尤其重要。各种过程如何共同配合以加强这种锁定，以及哪些可能是导致社会水文系统状况恶化的关键或被忽视的反馈，仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们通过关注伊朗乌尔米耶湖的案例来解决这一差距，该盐湖由于过度开采供给该湖的水源而面临着与咸海相同的命运。我们对研究案例中各种人为、地表和地下环境过程如何共同产生水资源短缺和土壤盐碱化问题形成了综合的、系统层面的理解。为此，我们研究了一个矛盾的现象，即土壤盐度的增加并没有明显影响乌尔米耶湖盆地的植被覆盖水平。我们的分析结果可能会为决策者如何应对世界各地许多脆弱的盐湖的干旱和缺水问题提供有用的见解，这些盐湖目前正受到过度开发的威胁。
Understanding of how anthropogenic droughts occur in socio-hydrological systems is critical in studying resilience of these systems. This is especially relevant when a “lock-in” toward watershed desiccation occurs as an emergent outcome of coupling among social dynamics and surface and underground water processes. How the various processes collectively fit together to reinforce such a lock-in and what may be a critical or ignored feedback worsening the state of the socio-hydrological systems remains poorly understood. Here we tackle this gap by focusing on the case of Lake Urmia in Iran, a saline lake that faces the same fate as that of Aral Sea due to over-extraction of water sources that feed the lake. We develop an integrative, system-level understanding of how various anthropogenic, surface and underground environmental processes collectively generate the water scarcity and soil salinization issues in the study case. To this end, we investigate a paradoxical phenomenon wherein the increase of soil salinity has not noticeably affected the level of vegetation cover in Lake Urmia Basin. The outcome of our analysis may provide useful insights for informing policymakers how to cope with drought and water scarcity issues in many fragile saline lakes around the world that are currently under threat by overexploitation.