Neurotrophins and taste buds.
Neurotrophins and taste buds.
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神经营养素和味蕾。
DOI：
10.1002/cne.10588
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Farbman,AlbertI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Farbman,AlbertI
感觉系统中发育中的神经元通常依赖于神经生长因子神经营养因子家族的一个或多个成员存活和分化。该神经营养因子家族包括四种结构相关的分泌蛋白：神经生长因子（NGF）、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）、神经营养因子-3（NT-3）和NT-4（Chao，1992; Schechterson和Bothwell，1992; Barbacid，1994; Davies，1994，1997 a，B; Bothwell，1995; Lewin和Barde，1996; Levi-Montalcini和Angeletti，1997年）。神经营养因子与两类受体相互作用：一个家族的三个高亲和力，跨膜受体酪氨酸激酶（trkA，trkB和trkC），其中每一个都选择性地结合神经营养因子，和一个低亲和力受体（p75），结合所有四种神经营养因子具有相似的亲和力。神经营养因子与高亲和力受体的结合如下：NGF选择性地与trkA结合，BDNF和NT-4与trkB结合，NT-3与trkC结合，而与trkB和trkA弱结合。受体的激活依赖于它们的二聚化，由神经营养因子的结合引发。二聚化伴随着受体胞质结构域中一个或多个酪氨酸的磷酸化，并且这导致反应级联，因为特异性信号传导分子在神经元胞质内被募集。
Developing neurons in sensory systems are usually dependent on one or more members of the nerve growth factor neurotrophin family for survival and differentiation. This neurotrophin family includes four structurally related, secreted proteins: nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and NT-4 (reviewed, eg, by Chao, 1992; Schechterson and Bothwell, 1992; Barbacid, 1994; Davies, 1994, 1997a, b; Bothwell, 1995; Lewin and Barde, 1996; Levi-Montalcini and Angeletti, 1997). The neurotrophins interact with two classes of receptors: a family of three high affinity, membrane-spanning receptor tyrosine kinases (trkA, trkB, and trkC), each of which binds neurotrophins selectively, and a low affinity receptor (p75), which binds all four neurotrophins with similar affinity. Neurotrophin binding to the high affinity receptors is as follows: NGF binds selectively to trkA, BDNF and NT-4 bind to trkB, NT-3 binds to trkC and weakly to trkB and trkA. Activation of the receptors depends on their dimerization, initiated by the binding of the neurotrophin. Dimerization is accompanied by phosphorylation of one or more tyrosines in the cytoplasmic domain of the receptor, and this results in a reaction cascade as specific signaling molecules are recruited within the neuronal cytoplasm.