Effects of therapeutic interventions for foster children on behavioral problems, caregiver attachment, and stress regulatory neural systems
Effects of therapeutic interventions for foster children on behavioral problems, caregiver attachment, and stress regulatory neural systems
复制标题
DOI：
10.1196/annals.1376.023
复制
发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pears, Katherine C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fisher, Philip A.;Gunnar, Megan R.;Pears, Katherine C.
寄养儿童面临着高度的压力。这些经历使寄养儿童面临社交、学业和心理健康状况不佳的风险。不良事件在刺激神经生物学应激反应方面的作用，可能在塑造导致这些问题的神经系统中起到了一定作用。系统的且在发育关键期进行的干预措施可能有改变发育轨迹和提升适应力的潜力。此外，了解早期逆境的特定方面如何影响潜在的应激反应系统，以及这些系统的改变如何与后期的社会心理结果相关，可能有助于更精确和有针对性的干预。数据来自两项正在进行的涉及寄养婴幼儿和学龄前儿童的随机试验。与先前的早期逆境动物模型一致，这些研究表明，早期逆境——特别是忽视、首次寄养时年龄更小以及寄养次数更多——与下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）轴功能改变有关。正在研究的干预措施已提供证据表明，有可能对受早期压力负面影响的许多方面产生影响，包括HPA轴活动、行为以及与照顾者的依恋关系。
Young children in foster care are exposed to high levels of stress. These experiences place foster children at risk for poor social, academic, and mental heath outcomes. The role of adverse events in stimulating neurobiological stress responses presumably plays a role in shaping neural systems that contribute to these problems. Systematic and developmentally well-timed interventions might have the potential to change developmental trajectories and promote resilience. Moreover, understanding how specific dimensions of early adversity affect underlying stress response systems and how alterations in these systems are related to later psychosocial outcomes might facilitate more precise and targeted interventions. Data are drawn from two ongoing randomized trials involving foster infants/toddlers and preschoolers. Consistent with prior animal models of early adversity, these studies have shown that early adversity-particularly neglect, younger age at first foster placement, and higher number of placements-is associated with altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. The interventions under investigation have produced evidence that it is possible to impact many areas that have been negatively affected by early stress, including HPA axis activity, behavior, and attachment to caregivers.