Growth of Paramecium bursaria as Influenced by the Presence of Algal Symbionts
Growth of Paramecium bursaria as Influenced by the Presence of Algal Symbionts
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藻类共生体存在对草履虫生长的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1963
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Karakashian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Karakashian
共生关联广泛分布在整个植物和动物界（Caullery，1950；Buchner，1953；Fuller，1958），但迄今为止，人们对共生伙伴之间相互作用的详细性质知之甚少。然而，很明显，共生复合体经常拥有某些特性，而不是任何一方单独的特征，这些特性至少可以部分地使合作生物体免于与相关自由生活形式的竞争。草履虫-小球藻的遗传性内共生复合物。为将我们对宿主共生体关系的了解扩展到生理和生化水平提供了极其有利的材料。一个草履虫通常含有数百个藻类，这些藻类在分裂时传递到两个子细胞，并在接合期间保留。由于这两种生物体可以分离、单独培养，并以原始或新颖的组合重新关联（Pringsheim，1928；Siegel 和 Karakashian，1959；Siegel，1960），因此可以单独研究它们的代谢，也可以研究共生关联。此外，P. bursaria，syngen 1 已经进行了遗传学研究（Jennings 和 Opitz，1944；Siegel 和 Larison，1960），这一事实表明感染特异性的遗传分析是可行的。为了利用草履虫小球藻系统进行生化和遗传分析，有必要了解特定菌株在受控环境中的行为。不幸的是，以前的工作人员（Le Dantec，1892；Oehler，1922；Pringsheim，1928）没有量化他们的观察结果，也无法在缺乏前因后果的情况下验证他们的发现。
SYMBIOTIC associations are widely distributed throughout the plant and animal kingdoms (Caullery, 1950; Buchner, 1953; Fuller, 1958), but to date relatively little is known about the detailed nature of the interactions between symbiotic partners. It is apparent, however, that symbiotic complexes frequently possess properties, not characteristic of either partner alone, that may at least partially free the co-operating organisms from competition with related free-living forms. The hereditary endosymbiotic complex of Paramecium bursaria-Chlorella sp. affords exceptionally favorable material for extending our knowledge of hostsymbiont relationships to a physiological and biochemical level. A single paramecium normally harbors several hundred algae that are transmitted to both daughter cells at division and retained during conjugation. Since the two organisms may be dissociated, cultured separately, and reassociated in the original or novel combinations (Pringsheim, 1928; Siegel and Karakashian, 1959; Siegel, 1960), their metabolism may be investigated singly as well as in symbiotic association. Moreover, the fact that P. bursaria, syngen 1, has been studied genetically (Jennings and Opitz, 1944; Siegel and Larison, 1960) suggests that genetic analyses of infection specificity are feasible. In order to exploit the ParameciumChlorella system for biochemical and genetic analysis, it is necessary to know the behavior of specific strains in a controlled environment. Unfortunately, previous workers (Le Dantec, 1892; Oehler, 1922; Pringsheim, 1928) did not quantify their observations nor were they able to verify their findings in the absence of for-