IDENTIFICATION OF MAUTHNER-INITIATED RESPONSE PATTERNS IN GOLDFISH - EVIDENCE FROM SIMULTANEOUS CINEMATOGRAPHY AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
IDENTIFICATION OF MAUTHNER-INITIATED RESPONSE PATTERNS IN GOLDFISH - EVIDENCE FROM SIMULTANEOUS CINEMATOGRAPHY AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01326837
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
WIELAND, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
EATON, RC;LAVENDER, WA;WIELAND, CM
Mauthner（M）细胞动作电位与C型快速启动反应的发生相关，该反应始于对侧身体肌肉组织的收缩。用长期植入的微电极从6条金鱼的单个M细胞进行细胞外记录，同时动物在水族箱（19 - 23 ° C）中自由游泳。C）。快速启动反应是通过从鱼的上方向水族箱中扔一个球来引起的。用高速电影摄像机以500帧/秒的速度拍摄行为。在45个反应中，M细胞动作电位（M峰）激发7.4 ms。6.7 (.+-. SD）球击中水面后。在8.1 ms ± 1 ms后出现M峰。1.6通过C型快速启动反应的第一阶段，该反应开始于与监测的M细胞相对的一侧的身体的初始收缩。这与神经解剖学和生理学证据一致，即M细胞兴奋对侧运动神经元。在18次试验中，当C-启动开始时，在与监测的M-细胞相同的一侧上初始收缩时，没有记录到M-尖峰。这种反应可能是由大脑另一侧未受监控的M细胞引发的。当鱼对刺激没有反应时，也没有M-尖峰（10次试验）。M-启动C-启动分为2个不同的反应类别，区分在第二阶段的电机模式的轮流。在大多数情况下（83%），动物继续在其初始转向的轨迹。在17%的反应中，第二阶段的转向与最初的方向相反，因此动物向前冲。从喙部测量，21次试验中3条鱼的最大平均位移速度为18体长/s。这发生在响应开始后约16 ms。头部的最大平均角速度为3500 °/s。S.这发生在响应开始后10 ms。这些值对应于响应的初始阶段期间头部的明显横向移动。M启动的第1阶段在所采取的轨迹和动物的机械性能方面是定型的。在第二阶段的转弯性能是可变的，从试验到试验。M-启动的反应被引导远离刺激。最靠近球的一侧的M细胞通常是发射的（85%的试验），因此最初的转向远离刺激。在87%的第二阶段反应中，动物的方向远离刺激。
The Mauthner (M)-cell action potential is correlated with the onset of C-type fast-start responses beginning with a contraction of the contralateral body musculature. Extracellular recordings were made from individual M-cells with chronically implanted microelectrodes in 6 goldfish while the animals were free to swim in an aquarium (19-23.degree. C). Fast-start responses were elicited by dropping a ball into the aquarium from above the fish. Behavior was filmed at 500 frames/s with a high-speed cine camera. In 45 responses, the M-cell action potential (M-spike) fired 7.4 ms .+-. 6.7 (.+-. SD) after the ball hit the water. The M-spike was followed after 8.1 ms .+-. 1.6 by the 1st stage of a C-type fast-start response that began with an initial contraction of the body on the side opposite the monitored M-cell. This is consistent with neuroanatomical and physiological evidence that the M-cell excites contralateral motor neurons. No M-spike was recorded in 18 trials when the C-start began with an initial contraction on the same side as the monitored M-cell. Such responses were probably initiated by the unmonitored M-cell on the opposite side of the brain. There was also no M-spike when the fish did not respond to the stimulus (10 trials). M-initiated C-starts fell into 2 different response categories differentiated by the turns taken during the 2nd stage of the motor pattern. In most cases (83%) the animal continued in the trajectory of its initial turn. In 17% of the responses the 2nd stage turn was in a direction opposite that taken initially, so that the animal darted forward. The maximum mean displacement speed of 3 fish in 21 trials was 18 body lengths/s as measured from the rostrum. This occurred at about 16 ms after the response began. Maximum mean angular velocity of the head was 3500.degree./s. This occurred at 10 ms after the response began. The values correspond to the pronounced lateral movement of the head during the intial stage of the response. The M-initiated 1st stage was stereotypic in terms of trajectory taken and the mechanical performance of the animal. The turning performance during the 2nd stage was variable from trial to trial. M-initiated responses were directed away from the stimulus. The M-cell on the side closest to the ball was the one that usually fired (85% of the trials) so that the initial turn was away from the stimulus. During 87% of the 2nd stage responses, the animal oriented away from the stimulus.