Vegetation dynamics under water-level fluctuations: Implications for wetland restoration
Vegetation dynamics under water-level fluctuations: Implications for wetland restoration
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青藏高原中部东克玛地冰川质量平衡变化及相关气候驱动因素
DOI：
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124418
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Li, Chunhui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu, Qiang;Liu, Jingling;Li, Chunhui
水文情势对湿地的结构和功能起着重要的调节作用，是湿地保护和恢复的基础。本研究探讨了植被对水位动态的响应，模拟了植被格局，并估算了不同水文状态下的蒸散量。我们使用的植被动力学模拟模型和地形和植被为基础的表面能量分割算法（TVET模型），旨在估计潜在蒸发（PE）和潜在蒸腾（PT）。结果表明：（1）利用植被覆盖度和不同水文状态下的水位，可以推断出二头湿地在洪水、正常和干旱状态下的适宜水位（二头湿地的适宜水位分别为1.23、0.99和0.81 m）。(ii)植被动态模拟结合芦苇和扁叶草的最佳生态水位可以用来模拟植被格局动态。A.australis和B. planiculmis扩大在干旱期间沿着减少开放水域，提供了一个潜在的增加食物供应的西伯利亚起重机（鹤leucogeranus）。(iii)植被格局和特征的变化（例如，植物高度和叶面积指数（LAI））随水位波动而变化，不可避免地改变了潜在蒸散量（PET）向PE和PT的分配。这些结果表明，微妙的水位波动可以显着改变植被格局，特征和生态过程，从而影响浅水湿地栖息地。进一步的调查是必要的，以澄清湿地水文，植被和栖息地之间的耦合机制。这将有助于应对极端干旱和洪水事件，同时也有助于评估湿地保护和恢复。
Hydrological regimes play a vital role in regulating wetland structure and function, regarded as fundamental for wetland protection and restoration. This study explored vegetation response to water-level dynamics, simulated vegetation patterns, and the estimated evapotranspiration (ET) pertaining to different hydrological statuses. We used the vegetation dynamics simulation model and topography- and vegetation-based surface energy partitioning algorithms (TVET model) designed to estimate potential evaporation (PE) and potential transpiration (PT). Results indicated that: (i) Vegetation cover and water levels of different hydrological statuses can be used to deduce suitable water levels during flood, normal, and drought statuses (which were 1.23, 0.99, and 0.81 m, respectively, in the Ertou wetland). (ii) Dynamic vegetation simulations combined with optimal ecological water levels for Phragmites australis and Bolboschoenus planiculmis sustenance can be used to simulate vegetation pattern dynamics. Both P. australis and B. planiculmis expanded during droughts along with a reduction in open water, providing a potential increase in food availability for Siberian crane (Grus leucogeranus). (iii) Changes in vegetation patterns and characteristics (e.g., plant height and leaf area index (LAI)) that varied with water-level fluctuations inevitably altered potential evapotranspiration (PET) partitioning into PE and PT. These results indicate that subtle water-level fluctuations can dramatically alter vegetation patterns, characteristics, and ecological processes, subsequently affecting shallow wetland habitats. Further investigations are necessary to clarify wetland coupling mechanisms between hydrology, vegetation, and habitat. This will help address extreme drought and flooding events while also helping to assess wetland protection and restoration.