Flower morphologic anatomy and embryological characteristics in Chrysanthemum multicaule (Asteraceae)
Flower morphologic anatomy and embryological characteristics in Chrysanthemum multicaule (Asteraceae)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scienta.2010.02.009
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Guan, Zhiyong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deng, Yanming;Chen, Sumei;Guan, Zhiyong
菊花是一年生草本观赏植物。花序为雌花同株，由两性管状小花和雌花辐状小花组成。雌蕊由两个开放型柱头组成，花柱沟中空。在管状小花花柱的基部，雌蕊被油腺细胞包围。花药为四孢囊，花药壁由表皮、药室内壁、中层和绒毡层组成。成熟的花药壁在花粉释放后仅由加厚的药室内壁组成。在管状小花中，小孢子母细胞减数分裂的胞质分裂同时进行，形成的四分体多为四面体型，少数为交互对生。成熟花粉为三细胞花粉。胚珠为单珠被薄珠心，珠心在大孢子母细胞发育过程中退化。胚囊发育为蓼型。开花后4-6天，胚达到球形阶段，此后经过心形和鱼雷形阶段，然后成熟为子叶胚。在我们的条件下，从开花到种子成熟大约需要3-4周的时间。(C)2010 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Chrysanthemum multicaule is an annual herbaceous ornamental species. The inflorescence is gynomonoecious and consists of bisexual tubular florets and female ray florets. The pistils consist of two stigmas which are of the open type with a hollow stylar canal. At the base of the tubular floret style, the pistil is surrounded by oil gland cells. The anthers are tetrasporangiate and the young anther wall is composed of epidermis, endothecium, middle layer and tapetum. The mature anther wall comprises only thickened endothecium after the release of the pollens. In the tubular florets, simultaneous microsporocyte meiotic cytokinesis results in mostly tetrahedral with a small proportion of decussate tetrads. The mature pollen grain is tricellular. The ovules are unitegmic and tenuinucellate, and the nucellus degenerates during the development of the megasporocyte. The development of the embryo sac follows the Polygonum type. At 4-6 days after blooming, the embryos reached the globular stage, thereafter passing through the heart- and torpedo-shape stages before maturing into the cotyledon embryos. From blooming to seed maturity, it takes about 3-4 weeks under our conditions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.