Innovators and imitators in a world economy
Innovators and imitators in a world economy
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世界经济中的创新者和模仿者
DOI：
10.1007/s00712-019-00688-2
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发表时间：
2020-01-03
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Hashimoto, Ken-ichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haruyama, Tetsugen;Hashimoto, Ken-ichi
研发是生产力的一个重要决定因素，它高度集中在富裕经济体，因为考虑到技术进步的累积性，知识向发展中国家扩散的速度很慢。本文提出了一个具有连续体的国际贸易、创新和技术扩散的动态一般均衡模型。与传统贸易模式不同的一点是，基于创新和模仿研发生产率的比较优势决定了创新者和模仿者的身份。通过这一机制，世界经济分裂为南北两大集团，作为一种均衡结果内生地出现。该模型使我们能够探索与经济政策和发展相关的有趣问题，包括以下问题。加强专利政策会促使模仿经济体创新吗？补贴创新或模仿是否促进了发展中经济体的工业化？如果是这样，世界经济的不平等将如何改变？我们证明，这些重要问题的答案在很大程度上取决于对模仿研发有用的知识。
R&D, an important determinant of productivity, is highly concentrated in rich economies because of the slow diffusion of knowledge to developing countries given the cumulative nature of technological progress. This study presents a dynamic general equilibrium model of international trade, innovation, and technology diffusion with a continuum of countries. A point of departure from traditional trade models is that comparative advantage based on innovative and imitative R&D productivities determines the identity of innovators and imitators. Through this mechanism, the division of the world economy into two groups, North and South, endogenously emerges as an equilibrium outcome. The model allows us to explore interesting issues related to economic policy and development, including the following questions. Does strengthening patent policy induce imitating economies to innovate? Does subsidizing innovation or imitation promote the industrialization of developing economies. If so, how does the inequality of the world economy change? We demonstrate that the answers to these important questions crucially depend on knowledge useful to imitative R&D.