On the evaluation of ozone depletion potentials
On the evaluation of ozone depletion potentials
复制标题
浅谈臭氧消耗潜能值的评价
DOI：
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Tuck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Solomon;M. Mills;L. Heidt;W. Pollock;A. Tuck
对甲烷、CFC-11和臭氧损失的观测沿着使用了关于示踪剂之间相互关系的模型和观测的见解，以制定评估全球臭氧消耗潜力的半经验框架。还利用对北极平流层下部包括HCFC-22在内的某些氟氯烃的直接测量来评估当地臭氧消耗潜力。这种方法假定，在当代大气中观察到的所有臭氧破坏都是由于氯造成的，而且消耗量与当地的相对氯释放量成正比。研究表明，平流层寿命相对较长的化合物（如HCFC-22和HCFC-142 b）的全球臭氧消耗潜能值可能大于气相化学模型通常预测的值，这主要是由于气相研究中未模拟的平流层臭氧损失较低的重要性。所提供的分析表明，氟氯烃-22消耗臭氧的全球平均效率比某些气相模型估计值高出两倍。对于平流层寿命短的化合物，如（CCl 4）。和（CH 3CCl 3），另一方面，气相模型可能高估了当今平流层的臭氧消耗潜力。对极地臭氧损失和活性卤素自由基丰度的观测还表明，根据平流层下部的损失过程，当代平流层溴化物种的全球平均臭氧消耗潜能值可能比某些气相模型预测的高出1.5-3倍。
Observations of methane, CFC-11, and ozone losses are used along with insights from models and observations regarding interrelationships between tracers to develop a semi-empirical framework for evaluating global ozone depletion potentials. Direct measurements of some hydrochlorofluorocarbons including HCFC-22 in the Arctic lower stratosphere are also used to evaluate the local ozone depletion potentials there. This approach assumes that all of the observed ozone destruction in the contemporary atmosphere is due to chlorine and that the depletion is proportional to the local relative chlorine release. It is shown that the global ozone depletion potentials for compounds with relatively long stratospheric lifetimes such as HCFC-22 and HCFC-142b are likely to be larger than those generally predicted by gas phase chemical models, due largely to the importance of lower stratospheric ozone losses that are not simulated in gas phase studies. The analysis presented suggests that the globally averaged efficiency for ozone depletion by HCFC-22 is as much as a factor of 2 larger than some gas phase model estimates. For compounds with short stratospheric lifetimes such as (CCl4). and (CH3CCl3), on the other hand, gas phase models likely overestimate the ozone depletion potentials for the present-day stratosphere. Observations of polar ozone loss and reactive halogen radical abundances also imply that the globally averaged ozone depletion potentials for brominated species for the contemporary stratosphere could be as much as 1.5–3 times greater than some gas phase model predictions, depending upon lower stratospheric loss processes.