AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO THE ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF PLANT INVASIONS
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO THE ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF PLANT INVASIONS
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.09040761.x
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发表时间：
1995-08-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
HUMPHRIES, SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HOBBS, RJ;HUMPHRIES, SE
植物入侵对全世界的自然和管理生态系统造成严重威胁。所涉及的物种数量和现有入侵的范围使得这个问题实际上变得棘手，并且随着鼹鼠物种被引入新的栖息地以及更多现有入侵者进入快速蔓延阶段，该问题可能会变得更糟。我们认为，当前的研究和管理方法不足以解决这个问题。目前的焦点主要集中在单个入侵物种的特征和控制上。然而，通过考虑入侵问题的其他重要组成部分，可以获得很多收获。杂草传播模式表明，许多物种在引入后在爆发性传播之前有一个很长的滞后期。在爆炸性蔓延发生之前及早发现和治疗入侵将防止未来出现许多问题。同样，关注被入侵的生态系统及其管理，而不是入侵者，可能会更有效地识别增强生态系统入侵性的因果因素，从而有助于制定更有效的综合控制计划。对特定地点的价值及其干扰程度的评估将允许设定保护和控制的管理优先事项。在植物入侵中，社会经济因素往往比生态因素发挥更大的作用。在植物入侵问题得到充分解决之前，人类活动在植物引进和利用、土地利用以及控制措施时机方面的改变都是必须的。 应对植物入侵已刻不容缓；这项任务需要就土地使用和管理优先事项做出艰难的决定。如果我们想保护全世界的生物多样性，就必须做出这些决定。
Plant invasions ave a serious threat to natural and managed ecosystems worldwide. The number of species involved and tbe extent of existing invasions renders the problem virtually intractable, and it is likely to worsen as mol-e species are introduced to new habitats and more existing invaders move into a phase of rapid spread We contend that current research and management approaches are inadequate to tackle the problem. The current focus is mostly on the characteristics and control of individual invading species. Much can be gained however, by considering other important components of the invasion problem. Patterns of weed spread indicate that many species have a long lag phase following introduction before they spread explosively. Early detection and treatment of invasions before explosive spread occurs will prevent many future problems. Similarly a focus on the invaded ecosystem and its management, rather than on the invader is likely to be more effective identification of the causal factors enhancing ecosystem invasibility should lend to more-effective integrated control programs. An assessment of the value of particular sites and their degree of disturbance would allow the setting of management priorities for protection and control. Socioeconomic factors frequently play a large part than ecological factors in plant invasions. Changes in human activities in terms of plant introduction and use, land use, and timing of control measures are all required before the plant invasion problem can be tackled adequately Dealing with plant invasions is nn urgent; task that will require difficult decisions about land use and management priorities. These decisions have to be made if we want to conserve biodiversity worldwide.