Cellular dynamics of coenocytic endosperm development in Arabidopsis thaliana
Cellular dynamics of coenocytic endosperm development in Arabidopsis thaliana
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DOI：
10.1038/s41477-022-01331-7
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发表时间：
2023-01-16
期刊：
影响因子：
18
通讯作者：
Kawashima，Tomokazu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ali，Mohammad Foteh;Shin，Ji Min;Kawashima，Tomokazu
双受精后，许多开花植物种子中的胚乳经历重复的有丝分裂核分裂而没有胞质分裂，导致大的多核胚乳，然后细胞化。多核期的生长与最终的种子大小密切相关;然而，控制开花植物中独特的多核发育的细胞动力学的详细描述仍然难以捉摸。通过整合共聚焦显微镜活细胞成像和遗传学，我们表征了拟南芥多核细胞胚乳的整个发育，包括核分裂、其时间间隔、核运动和细胞骨架动态。在每个细胞核周围，微管组织成驱动肌动蛋白丝（F-肌动蛋白）组织的星形结构。微管促进核分裂后的运动，而F-肌动蛋白限制它。F-肌动蛋白还参与控制多核胚乳和成熟种子的大小。在整个多核胚乳时期的真实的时间的细胞骨架动态的表征提供了植物多核发育的基础知识，深入了解核动力学中的F-肌动蛋白和微管的协调，以及增加种子大小和我们的粮食安全的新机会。
After double fertilization, the endosperm in the seeds of many flowering plants undergoes repeated mitotic nuclear divisions without cytokinesis, resulting in a large coenocytic endosperm that then cellularizes. Growth during the coenocytic phase is strongly associated with the final seed size; however, a detailed description of the cellular dynamics controlling the unique coenocytic development in flowering plants has remained elusive. By integrating confocal microscopy live-cell imaging and genetics, we have characterized the entire development of the coenocytic endosperm ofArabidopsis thalianaincluding nuclear divisions, their timing intervals, nuclear movement and cytoskeleton dynamics. Around each nucleus, microtubules organize into aster-shaped structures that drive actin filament (F-actin) organization. Microtubules promote nuclear movement after division, while F-actin restricts it. F-actin is also involved in controlling the size of both the coenocytic endosperm and the mature seed. The characterization of cytoskeleton dynamics in real time throughout the entire coenocyte endosperm period provides foundational knowledge of plant coenocytic development, insights into the coordination of F-actin and microtubules in nuclear dynamics, and new opportunities to increase seed size and our food security.