Effect of cat litters on feline coronavirus infection of cell culture and cats.
Effect of cat litters on feline coronavirus infection of cell culture and cats.
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DOI：
10.1177/1098612x19848167
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发表时间：
2020-04
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Decaro N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Addie D;Houe L;Maitland K;Passantino G;Decaro N
猫传染性腹膜炎（FIP）是由猫冠状病毒（FCoV）感染引起的。FCoV具有令人难以置信的传染性，通过粪便-口腔途径传播。FCoV感染，因此FIP，是最常见的繁殖和救援猫，其中许多猫被关在室内，使用猫砂托盘。使用猫砂是否有可能打破FCoV感染和再感染的循环从未被研究过。该研究的目的是检查猫窝对多猫家庭中FCoV感染性和病毒载量以及传播频率的影响。将15只猫窝与FCoV混合并孵育，离心，并在体外测试上清液防止细胞培养物的病毒感染的能力。为了测试体外结果对真实的生活的适用性，在四只富勒氏土猫砂的双交叉研究中，通过使用FCoV逆转录酶定量PCR测试直肠拭子，测量了两个家庭的病毒载量。四窝废除FCoV感染的细胞培养物，九个减少它或多或少的程度和两个没有影响。一个品牌有不同的病毒抑制特性，这取决于它的生产地。富勒的土窝表现最好，大概是通过吸附病毒。在实地研究中，似乎有较少的病毒脱落一富勒的地球为基础的猫砂。体外研究成功地鉴定了携带FCoV的猫砂;这种猫砂存在，因此不需要开发。富勒的土窝最好地防止了细胞培养物的感染，但在两个多猫家庭中并没有完全消除FCoV的传播。一个无尘丛生富勒的地球垃圾似乎最好的票价，但病毒脱落也不同的控制垃圾，复杂的解释。木屑猫砂在FCoV流行的家庭中没有用，因为它们跟踪效果很差，对病毒感染的效果也很差。
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is caused by infection with feline coronavirus (FCoV). FCoV is incredibly contagious and transmission is via the faecal–oral route. FCoV infection, and therefore FIP, is most common in breeder and rescue catteries, where many cats are kept indoors, using litter trays. Whether it is possible to break the cycle of FCoV infection and reinfection using cat litters has never been investigated. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of cat litters on FCoV infectivity and virus load in multi-cat households, and transmission frequency. Fifteen cat litters were mixed and incubated with FCoV, centrifuged and the supernatants tested in vitro for the ability to prevent virus infection of cell culture. To test applicability of in vitro results to real life, virus load was measured in two households in a double crossover study of four Fuller’s earth-based cat litters by testing rectal swabs using FCoV reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR. Four litters abrogated FCoV infection of cell culture, nine reduced it to a greater or lesser extent and two had no effect. One brand had different virus inhibitory properties depending on where it was manufactured. Fuller’s earth-based litters performed best, presumably by adsorbing virus. In the field study, there appeared to be less virus shedding on one Fuller’s earth-based cat litter. The in vitro study successfully identified cat litters that inactivate FCoV; such litters exist so do not need to be developed. Fuller’s earth-based litters best prevented infection of cell culture, but did not completely abrogate FCoV transmission in two multi-cat households. A dust-free clumping Fuller’s earth litter appeared to fare best, but virus shedding also varied on the control litters, complicating interpretation. Sawdust-based cat litters are not useful in FCoV-endemic households because they track badly and have a poor effect on virus infection.