Computing water flow through complex landscapes – Part 1: Incorporating depressions in flow routing using FlowFill
Computing water flow through complex landscapes – Part 1: Incorporating depressions in flow routing using FlowFill
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DOI：
10.5194/esurf-7-737-2019
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发表时间：
2019-08
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
K. Callaghan;A. Wickert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Callaghan;A. Wickert
抽象的。在地貌学、水文学、行星科学和水土保持学中，计算流经景观的水流路径是一个常规过程。水流路由计算通常需要一个预处理步骤，以从DEM中移除洼地，从而创建一个可以承载连续、集成的排水网络的“水流路由表面”。然而，真实的景观包含天然洼地，积水。这些是水文系统的重要组成部分，应在水流路由表面中表示。历史上，DEM中的凹陷（或“坑”）被视为数据错误，但高分辨率、高精度DEM覆盖范围的快速扩展增加了凹陷是真实世界特征的可能性。为了解决这个长期存在的问题，我们开发了FlowFill，这是一种算法，它可以在有足够的水的情况下，通过表面路由规定数量的径流，以便淹没洼地。这种质量保持方法通常会淹没较小的洼地和潮湿地区的洼地，整合它们之间的排水，同时允许内部排水和破坏水文连通性。我们目前的结果从两个样本的研究领域，我们适用于一系列统一的初始径流深度，并报告所产生的填充和未填充的凹陷，排水网络结构，和所需的计算时间。对于我们运行的达到分水岭规模的示例，FlowFill计算时间范围约为1到30分钟，每个单元的计算时间为0.0001到0.006秒。
Abstract. Calculating flow routing across a landscape is a routine process in geomorphology, hydrology, planetary science, and soil and water conservation. Flow-routing calculations often require a preprocessing step to remove depressions from a DEM to create a “flow-routing surface” that can host a continuous, integrated drainage network. However, real landscapes contain natural depressions that trap water. These are an important part of the hydrologic system and should be represented in flow-routing surfaces. Historically, depressions (or “pits”) in DEMs have been viewed as data errors, but the rapid expansion of high-resolution, high-precision DEM coverage increases the likelihood that depressions are real-world features. To address this long-standing problem of emerging significance, we developed FlowFill, an algorithm that routes a prescribed amount of runoff across the surface in order to flood depressions if enough water is available. This mass-conserving approach typically floods smaller depressions and those in wet areas, integrating drainage across them, while permitting internal drainage and disruptions to hydrologic connectivity. We present results from two sample study areas to which we apply a range of uniform initial runoff depths and report the resulting filled and unfilled depressions, the drainage network structure, and the required compute time. For the reach- to watershed-scale examples that we ran, FlowFill compute times ranged from approximately 1 to 30 min, with compute times per cell of 0.0001 to 0.006 s.