Potential of mosques to serve as evacuation shelters for foreign Muslims during disasters: a case study in Gunma, Japan
Potential of mosques to serve as evacuation shelters for foreign Muslims during disasters: a case study in Gunma, Japan
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DOI：
10.1007/s11069-021-04883-7
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发表时间：
2021-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yamaji, Eiji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kotani, Hitomu;Tamura, Mari;Yamaji, Eiji
由于宗教和文化差异，外国人在面对灾害时往往较为脆弱。在日本，作为少数群体的穆斯林外国居民，在避难所可能会在饮食和宗教活动方面面临困难。在本研究中，我们提议将清真寺作为日本穆斯林外国人的自愿避难场所，并评估其作为避难所的潜力。清真寺有望拥有包括礼拜空间在内的宽敞场地，且储存着日常使用者熟悉的食物。我们针对日本群马县伊势崎市的两座清真寺开展了实地调查，以研究其设备和建筑环境与作为避难所功能的相关性，包括可容纳的避难人数、能为避难者提供的食物数量，以及管理者将清真寺用作避难所的意愿。调查发现，这两座清真寺均配备了卫生间和淋浴间，有足够空间容纳约60 - 80名避难者。它们还拥有充足的厨房空间和餐具，可为约100人准备餐食。尽管它们并非总是储备大量食物，但能够迅速从附近商店获取食物。此外，管理者愿意将清真寺用作避难所。因此，研究表明清真寺可作为避难场所，为众多避难者提供食宿。最后，本文探讨了提升清真寺作为避难所功能的措施。本研究为未来将清真寺用作避难所奠定了基础。
Foreigners tend to be vulnerable to disasters due to religious and cultural differences. In Japan, Muslim foreign residents, who are minorities, likely face difficulties in terms of food and religious practices in evacuation shelters. In this study, we propose the use of mosques as voluntary shelters for Muslim foreigners in Japan and evaluate their potential to function as shelters. Mosques are expected to have a large space, including a prayer space, and to store food familiar to daily users. We conducted field surveys targeting two mosques in Isesaki, Gunma, Japan, to investigate their equipment and building environment in relation to how they could function as shelters; the number of evacuees they could accommodate; the amount of food they could supply to evacuees; and the willingness of the administrators to use the mosques as shelters. Both mosques were found to be equipped with toilets and shower rooms and had enough space for approximately 60-80 evacuees. They also had sufficient kitchen space and tableware to prepare meals for about 100 people. Although they did not always stock a large amount of food, they could quickly receive food from nearby stores. Moreover, the administrators were willing to use the mosques as shelters. Therefore, it was suggested that the mosques could serve as shelters accommodating and feeding many evacuees. Finally, measures to improve the function of mosques as shelters are discussed. This study lays the groundwork for the future use of mosques as shelters.