Stress-induced and alcohol cue-induced craving in recently abstinent alcohol-dependent individuals
Stress-induced and alcohol cue-induced craving in recently abstinent alcohol-dependent individuals
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00320.x
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Sinha, Rajita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fox, Helen C.;Bergquist, Keri L.;Sinha, Rajita
背景资料：研究表明，暴露于压力/负面影响和酒精暗示都可以增加酒精依赖者的酒精渴望和复发易感性。然而，与压力诱导的和酒精线索诱导的渴望相关的情绪和生理状态是否具有可比性还没有得到很好的研究。因此，本研究采用类似的压力和酒精线索意象方法，研究了参与治疗、戒酒4周、酒精依赖个体对压力和酒精线索的渴望、情绪和生理反应。方法：20名寻求治疗的酒精依赖参与者（18名男性/2名女性）暴露于一个简短的5分钟引导性想象程序，包括想象最近的个人压力情况，个人酒精线索相关的情况下，和一个中立的放松的情况下，1图像每届会议提出的随机顺序。酒精的渴望，焦虑和情绪评定量表，心血管措施，唾液皮质醇进行了比较，在3 conditions.Results：暴露于压力和酒精线索，每个产生显着增加酒精的渴望，焦虑，和消极情绪，减少积极情绪。压力诱导的酒精渴望与悲伤，愤怒和焦虑等级的增加显着相关，但酒精线索诱导的渴望与积极情绪（喜悦和中性放松状态）的减少和焦虑和恐惧等级的增加相关。此外，压力增加收缩压和舒张压的反应，但唾液皮质醇的显着增加，只观察到在酒精cue condition.Conclusions：虽然压力和酒精的线索产生增加与酒精的渴望焦虑，每个产生了一个可分离的心理生物学状态，涉及主观情绪，心血管和皮质醇的反应。这些数据可能对理解与压力或酒精线索暴露相关的特定心理生物学及其对酒精复发易感性的潜在影响具有重要意义。
Background: Research has shown that exposure to stress/negative affect and to alcohol cues can each increase alcohol craving and relapse susceptibility in alcohol-dependent individuals. However, whether the emotional and physiological states associated with stress-induced and alcohol cue-induced craving are comparable has not been well studied. Therefore, this study examined the craving, emotional, and physiological responses to stress and to alcohol cues in treatment-engaged, 4-week abstinent, alcohol-dependent individuals using analogous stress and alcohol cue imagery methods.Methods: Twenty treatment-seeking, alcohol-dependent participants (18 males/2 females) were exposed to a brief 5-minute guided imagery procedure that involved imagining a recent personal stressful situation, a personal alcohol cue-related situation, and a neutral-relaxing situation, 1 imagery per session presented in random order. Alcohol craving, anxiety and emotion rating scales, cardiovascular measures, and salivary cortisol were compared across the 3 conditions.Results: Exposure to stress and to alcohol cues each produced significant increases in alcohol craving, anxiety, and negative emotions and decreases in positive emotions. Stress-induced alcohol craving was significantly correlated with increases in sadness, anger, and anxiety ratings, but alcohol cue-induced craving was associated with decreases in positive affect (joy and neutral relaxed state) and increases in anxiety and fear ratings. Furthermore, stress increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure responses, but significant increases in salivary cortisol were only observed in the alcohol cue condition.Conclusions: Although both stress and alcohol cues produce increases in anxiety associated with alcohol craving, each produced a dissociable psychobiological state involving subjective emotional, cardiovascular, and cortisol responses. These data could have significant implications for understanding the specific psychobiology associated with stress or alcohol cue exposure and their potential effects on alcohol relapse susceptibility.