Design and operation of a windowless gas target internal to a solenoidal magnet for use with a megawatt electron beam
Design and operation of a windowless gas target internal to a solenoidal magnet for use with a megawatt electron beam
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2019.05.071
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发表时间：
2019-03
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通讯作者：
S. Lee;R. Corliss;I. Friščić;R. Alarcon;S. Aulenbacher;J. Balewski;S. Benson;J. Bernauer;J. Bessuille;J. Boyce;J. Coleman;D. Douglas;C. Epstein;P. Fisher;S. Frierson;M. Garçon;J. Grames;D. Hasell;C. Hernández-García;E. Ihloff;R. Johnston;K. Jordan;R. Kazimi;J. Kelsey;M. Kohl;A. Liyanage;M. McCaughan;R. Milner;P. Moran;J. Nazeer;D. Palumbo;M. Poelker;G. Randall;S. Steadman;C. Tennant;C. Tschalär;C. Vidal;C. Vogel;Yayu Wang;S. Zhang
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作者：
S. Lee;R. Corliss;I. Friščić;R. Alarcon;S. Aulenbacher;J. Balewski;S. Benson;J. Bernauer;J. Bessuille;J. Boyce;J. Coleman;D. Douglas;C. Epstein;P. Fisher;S. Frierson;M. Garçon;J. Grames;D. Hasell;C. Hernández-García;E. Ihloff;R. Johnston;K. Jordan;R. Kazimi;J. Kelsey;M. Kohl;A. Liyanage;M. McCaughan;R. Milner;P. Moran;J. Nazeer;D. Palumbo;M. Poelker;G. Randall;S. Steadman;C. Tennant;C. Tschalär;C. Vidal;C. Vogel;Yayu Wang;S. Zhang
一个标称厚度为10 ~ 19 cm−2的无窗氢气靶是DarkLight实验的重要组成部分，该实验旨在利用能量回收直线加速器（ERL）的兆瓦级电子束。这种靶的设计具有挑战性，因为靶的中心高密度部分与周围的光束线之间的压力下降了许多个数量级，导致层流、过渡流和最终的分子流状态。目标系统于2016年在杰斐逊实验室的低能量再循环设施（LERF）组装和运行，随后于2017年在麻省理工学院贝茨进行了几次修订和校准测试。为了更好地了解系统在其他工作点的最佳运行情况，在COMSOL中对系统进行了动态平衡模拟。我们已经确定，在ERL环境中，无窗气体目标具有足够高的密度以满足DarkLight的实验需求是可行的。
A windowless hydrogen gas target of nominal thickness 1 0 19 cm− 2 is an essential component of the DarkLight experiment, which is designed to utilize the megawatt electron beam at an Energy Recovery Linac (ERL). The design of such a target is challenging because the pressure drops by many orders of magnitude between the central, high-density section of the target and the surrounding beamline, resulting in laminar, transitional, and finally molecular flow regimes. The target system was assembled and operated at Jefferson Lab’s Low Energy Recirculator Facility (LERF) in 2016, and subsequently underwent several revisions and calibration tests at MIT Bates in 2017. The system at dynamic equilibrium was simulated in COMSOL to provide a better understanding of its optimal operation at other working points. We have determined that a windowless gas target with sufficiently high density for DarkLight’s experimental needs is feasible in an ERL environment.