New techniques for augmenting saliva collection: bacon rules and lozenge drools.
New techniques for augmenting saliva collection: bacon rules and lozenge drools.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.02.015
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Shirtcliff EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peres JC;Rouquette JL;Miočević O;Warner MC;Slowey PD;Shirtcliff EA
唾液是在其他生物体液中测量的生物标志物的可靠、非侵入性和成本效益的替代品。在某些人群中，唾液采样可能很困难，因为唾液流量不足，这可能会影响疾病诊断或研究的完整性。改善尿流率的方法(例如，使用柠檬酸、口香糖或收集棉花)可能会损害生物标志物的完整性，特别是当这些方法涉及口腔中存在收集助剂时。轶事策略(例如，看食物的图片或想象食物)到目前为止还没有被评估过。在这项研究中，我们评估了两种新的收集技术是否改善了唾液流动或干扰了常见生物标记物(即皮质醇、脱氢表雄酮和睾酮)的测定。我们评估了一种非处方药无水结晶麦芽糖含片，旨在增加口干症患者在含片溶解很长时间后的唾液产生。然后我们评估新鲜烹调的培根的气味是否会刺激巴甫洛夫式的反射。唾液来自27名健康的年轻人(年龄20-34岁；12名男性)，分别在基础日和含片日采集，每15分钟提供5个样本。然后，20名参与者返回参加培根日活动，提供两份唾液样本，样本之间的间隔为15分钟。记录收集策略产生2毫升唾液所需的收集时间，然后对唾液样本进行皮质醇、脱氢表雄酮和睾酮的检测。重复的方差分析表明，含片和培根都比被动收集口水显著缩短了基础日的收集时间。当比较含片或培根与基础日时，没有发现与皮质醇、睾酮或脱氢表雄酮的定量有关的显著影响。此外，双变量相关性显示，时间匹配的对照样本的浓度与含片和培根条件下的浓度显著相关。这些结果表明，含片和闻培根都可以缩短唾液收集时间，而且这两种技术都不会干扰唾液激素浓度。这项研究揭示了增加唾液收集策略的新方法。
Saliva is a reliable, noninvasive, and cost-effective alternative to biomarkers measured in other biological fluids. Within certain populations, saliva sampling may be difficult because of insufficient saliva flow, which may compromise disease diagnosis or research integrity. Methods to improve flow rates (eg, administering citric acid, chewing gum, or collecting cotton) may compromise biomarker integrity, especially if the methods involve the presence of a collection aid in the oral cavity. Anecdotal strategies (eg, looking at pictures of food or imagining food) have not been evaluated to date. In this study, we evaluate whether 2 novel collection techniques improve saliva flow or interfere with assay of common biomarkers (ie, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and testosterone). We evaluate an over-the-counter anhydrous crystalline maltose lozenge intended to increase saliva production for patients with xerostomia long after the lozenge dissolves. We then evaluate whether the smell of freshly cooked bacon stimulates a pavlovian-type reflex. Saliva was collected from 27 healthy young adults (aged 20-34 years; 12 men) on a basal day and a lozenge day, providing 5 samples at 15-minute intervals. Twenty participants then returned for the bacon day condition, providing 2 saliva samples with an interval of 15 minutes between samples. Collection times required to generate 2 mL of saliva across collection strategies were recorded, and then saliva samples were assayed for cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and testosterone. Repeated analysis of variance measures revealed that both the lozenges and bacon significantly decreased collection time compared with the passive drool collection on the basal day. No significant effects were found related to the quantification of cortisol, testosterone, or dehydroepiandrosterone when comparing lozenge or bacon to the basal day. In addition, bivariate correlations revealed that concentrations from time-matched control samples correlated significantly with concentrations from the lozenge and bacon conditions. These results indicate that both the lozenge and smelling bacon improve saliva collection times and that neither technique interferes with salivary hormone concentrations. This study reveals new methods to augment saliva collection strategies.