Some histological changes in chronic bronchitis and asthma
Some histological changes in chronic bronchitis and asthma
复制标题
慢性支气管炎和哮喘的一些组织学变化
作者：
G. Salvato
对24例慢性支气管炎和24例支气管哮喘患者进行支气管镜检查和支气管活检，比较两组患者的差异。对24名健康对照受试者进行了相同的调查。两组之间唯一的支气管镜检查差异是支气管壁的高张力，这在哮喘患者中很常见，而在慢性支气管炎患者中不存在。支气管哮喘组粘液量少而粘稠，慢性支气管炎组粘液量多而水样。两组均出现粘液分泌过多。在哮喘中，粘液增生主要影响杯状细胞。在慢性支气管炎，更深的支气管腺体以及杯状细胞受到影响。在哮喘中，粘液主要用β-酸希夫技术染色，因此推测含有大量中性粘多糖。在慢性支气管炎的粘液是强烈的阿辛蓝阳性，被认为是由酸性粘多糖的大部分。基底膜增厚在支气管哮喘中几乎是恒定的，而在慢性支气管炎中很少。组织嗜酸性粒细胞增多在哮喘中非常频繁和强烈，但在慢性支气管炎中不常见和稀疏。哮喘患者肥大细胞脱颗粒，数量减少，而慢性支气管炎患者肥大细胞数量增多，充满颗粒。推测组织嗜酸性粒细胞增多与肥大细胞脱颗粒有关。研究证实，支气管哮喘和慢性支气管炎是两种不同的疾病，两者都有不同的病理。
The differences in two groups of patients (24 with chronic bronchitis and 24 with bronchial asthma) were compared by bronchoscopy and bronchial biopsies. The same investigations were carried out on 24 healthy control subjects. The only bronchoscopic difference between the two groups was hypertonicity of the bronchial wall, which was frequent in the asthmatics and absent in the chronic bronchitics. Mucus was scanty and viscous in the asthmatics and more abundant and watery in the chronic bronchitics. Hypersecretion of mucus occurred in both groups. In asthma the mucous hyperplasia affected chiefly the goblet cells. In chronic bronchitis the deeper bronchial glands were affected as well as the goblet cells. In asthma the mucus stained predominantly with the periodic-acid Schiff technique, and was thus presumed to contain much neutral mucopolysaccharide. In chronic bronchitis the mucus was strongly alcian blue positive and was thought to consist largely of acid mucopolysaccharide. Thickening of the basement membrane was almost constant in bronchial asthma and rare in chronic bronchitis. Tissue eosinophilia was very frequent and intense in asthma but infrequent and sparse in chronic bronchitis. Mast cells were degranulated and decreased in number in asthma but increased in number and packed with granules in chronic bronchitis. It is presumed that there is a relation between tissue eosinophilia and degranulation of mast cells. The study confirms that bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis are two distinct diseases, both with a separate pathology.