Nuclear ITS Sequences Help Disentangle Phyllanthus reticulatus (Phyllanthaceae), an Asian Species not Occurring in Africa, but Introduced to Jamaica
Nuclear ITS Sequences Help Disentangle Phyllanthus reticulatus (Phyllanthaceae), an Asian Species not Occurring in Africa, but Introduced to Jamaica
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核 ITS 序列有助于解开叶下珠（Phyllanthus reticulatus）（叶下珠科），这是一种亚洲物种，并非出现在非洲，而是引入牙买加
DOI：
10.1600/036364411x553171
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Renner, Susanne S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luo, Shi-Xiao;Esser, Hans-Joachim;Renner, Susanne S.
叶下珠属植物约有1,270种，是世界上最大的植物属之一。由于叶下珠属的庞大规模，迄今为止的分子数据对了解叶下珠属的价值有限。然而，它们可以帮助挑选出神秘的物种，并提供有关可疑引进物种起源的信息。其中一个似乎分布最广的物种是P. reticulatus，已在亚洲，澳大利亚，非洲和牙买加记录。这个名字是基于拉马克植物标本馆现在从热带亚洲收集的混合标本，我们在这里选择它。我们使用核ITS序列来测试最近植物区系中对P. reticulatus的广泛处理，确定来自非洲的“P. reticulatus”的记录，并调查P. reticulatus在牙买加的起源。一个最大似然树表明，牙买加的植物代表亚洲物种，非洲的植物称为P. reticulatus属于一个独立的分支，P. polysermus是最古老的名称，而在最近的植物区系中，广义上的P. reticulatus处理是不合理的。将亚洲的P. reticulatus和P. microcarpus作为单独的物种似乎是合理的，亚洲和牙买加的P. reticulatus中相同的ITS序列表明最近引入。最早的“岛屿植物学家”是J.威尔逊，在19世纪从印度引进了许多植物，他们是牙买加最古老的P. reticulatus收藏。由于该物种是在没有专性Epicephala蛾传粉者的情况下引入牙买加的，因此它不结实，而是通过营养生长持续存在。
Abstract Phyllanthus comprises approximately 1,270 species, making it one of the world's largest plant genera. Molecular data so far are of limited value for understanding Phyllanthus because of the sheer size of the genus. They can, however, help sort-out cryptic species and provide information on the origin of suspected introduced species. One of the seemingly most widespread species is P. reticulatus, which has been recorded from Asia, Australia, Africa, and Jamaica. The name is based on a mixed collection from tropical Asia now in the Lamarck herbarium, and we lectotypify it here. We use nuclear ITS sequences to test the broad treatment of P. reticulatus in recent floras, identify records of “P. reticulatus” from Africa, and investigate the origin of P. reticulatus on Jamaica. A maximum likelihood tree for accessions of P. reticulatus from throughout its supposed range (plus relevant outgroups) shows that the Jamaican plants represent the Asian species, that the African plants called P. reticulatus belong to a separate clade for which P. polyspermus is the oldest available name, and that the sensu lato treatment of P. reticulatus in recent floras is unjustified. Treating the Asian entities P. reticulatus and P. microcarpus as separate species appears justified, and identical ITS sequences in Asian and Jamaican P. reticulatus indicate a recent introduction. The first “island botanists,” J. Macfadyen and N. Wilson, introduced many plants from India in the 1800s, and theirs are the oldest Jamaican collections of P. reticulatus. Since the species was introduced to Jamaica without its obligate Epicephala moth pollinators, it does not set fruit, persisting instead by vegetative growth.