European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults.
European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults.
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DOI：
10.1159/000442721
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Obesity Management Task Force of the European Association for the Study of Obesity
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yumuk V;Tsigos C;Fried M;Schindler K;Busetto L;Micic D;Toplak H;Obesity Management Task Force of the European Association for the Study of Obesity
肥胖是一种慢性代谢性疾病，其特征是身体脂肪储存增加。它是导致健康不良的一个途径，已成为残疾和死亡的主要原因之一，不仅影响到全世界的成年人，也影响到儿童和青少年。在临床实践中，通过BMI估计身体肥胖，并且可以通过腰围评估腹内脂肪的积累（更高的代谢和心血管疾病风险的标志物）。生物、行为、社会和环境因素之间的复杂相互作用涉及能量平衡和脂肪储存的调节。应获得与患者肥胖相关的全面病史、体格检查和实验室评估。适当的体重管理目标强调现实的体重减轻，以减少健康风险，并应包括促进体重减轻，维持和预防体重反弹。治疗目标还包括管理合并症和改善肥胖患者的生活质量。平衡的低热量饮食导致临床上有意义的体重减轻，无论他们强调哪些宏量营养素。有氧训练是减少脂肪量的最佳运动模式，而在中年和超重/肥胖的人中，需要一个包括阻力训练的计划来增加瘦体重。认知行为疗法直接解决需要改变成功减肥和维持减肥的行为。药物治疗可以帮助患者保持依从性，改善肥胖相关的健康风险。就长期减肥而言，手术是治疗病态肥胖的最有效方法。全面的肥胖管理只能由多学科的肥胖管理团队来完成。我们的结论是，医生有责任认识到肥胖是一种疾病，并帮助肥胖患者进行适当的预防和治疗。治疗应基于良好的临床护理和循证干预;应侧重于现实的目标和终身多学科管理。
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease characterised by an increase of body fat stores. It is a gateway to ill health, and it has become one of the leading causes of disability and death, affecting not only adults but also children and adolescents worldwide. In clinical practice, the body fatness is estimated by BMI, and the accumulation of intra-abdominal fat (marker for higher metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk) can be assessed by waist circumference. Complex interactions between biological, behavioural, social and environmental factors are involved in regulation of energy balance and fat stores. A comprehensive history, physical examination and laboratory assessment relevant to the patient's obesity should be obtained. Appropriate goals of weight management emphasise realistic weight loss to achieve a reduction in health risks and should include promotion of weight loss, maintenance and prevention of weight regain. Management of co-morbidities and improving quality of life of obese patients are also included in treatment aims. Balanced hypocaloric diets result in clinically meaningful weight loss regardless of which macronutrients they emphasise. Aerobic training is the optimal mode of exercise for reducing fat mass while a programme including resistance training is needed for increasing lean mass in middle-aged and overweight/obese individuals. Cognitive behavioural therapy directly addresses behaviours that require change for successful weight loss and weight loss maintenance. Pharmacotherapy can help patients to maintain compliance and ameliorate obesity-related health risks. Surgery is the most effective treatment for morbid obesity in terms of long-term weight loss. A comprehensive obesity management can only be accomplished by a multidisciplinary obesity management team. We conclude that physicians have a responsibility to recognise obesity as a disease and help obese patients with appropriate prevention and treatment. Treatment should be based on good clinical care, and evidence-based interventions; should focus on realistic goals and lifelong multidisciplinary management.
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DOI：
10.1038/ijo.2011.158
发表时间：
2012-06
期刊：
International journal of obesity (2005)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Astrup A;Carraro R;Finer N;Harper A;Kunesova M;Lean ME;Niskanen L;Rasmussen MF;Rissanen A;Rössner S;Savolainen MJ;Van Gaal L;NN8022-1807 Investigators
通讯作者：
NN8022-1807 Investigators
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Arterburn DE;Bogart A;Sherwood NE;Sidney S;Coleman KJ;Haneuse S;O'Connor PJ;Theis MK;Campos GM;McCulloch D;Selby J
通讯作者：
Selby J
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Aronne, Louis J.;Wadden, Thomas A.;Gadde, Kishore M.
通讯作者：
Gadde, Kishore M.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Blundell JE;Dulloo AG;Salvador J;Frühbeck G;EASO SAB Working Group on BMI
通讯作者：
EASO SAB Working Group on BMI
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Allison, David B.;Gadde, Kishore M.;Garvey, William Timothy;Peterson, Craig A.;Schwiers, Michael L.;Najarian, Thomas;Tam, Peter Y.;Troupin, Barbara;Day, Wesley W.
通讯作者：
Day, Wesley W.