An overview of the biologic effects of omega-6 oxylipins in humans
An overview of the biologic effects of omega-6 oxylipins in humans
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DOI：
10.1016/j.plefa.2018.06.005
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Walker, Rachel E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shearer, Gregory C.;Walker, Rachel E.
氧化脂素是由多不饱和脂肪酸代谢产生的脂质介质，被认为是多不饱和脂肪酸多种生物学效应的分子解释。和PUFAs一样，氧化脂素的区别在于它们的-6 （n6）或-3 （n3）化学性质。我们回顾了n6氧脂类作为疾病的生物标志物及其在诊断和风险评估中的应用。我们展示了由脂肪加氧酶、环加氧酶、环氧加氧酶、omega/omega-1羟化酶和自氧化活性产生的亚油酸（LA）或花生四烯酸（AA）衍生的氧脂类可用作生物标志物或风险标志物的案例。HODEs、KODEs、EpOMEs、DiHOMEs和LA的其他代谢物以及前列腺素、HETEs、KETEs、EpETrEs和DiHETrEs以及AA的其他代谢物有助于了解从创伤性脑损伤到主要冠状动脉事件、血脂异常、败血症等不同情况下的不同信号环境。我们接下来评估干预措施，改变血浆中n6氧磷脂的浓度。我们注意到每个血浆部分的效用和反应，以及从非酯化到酯化再到脂蛋白部分的普遍增加的效用。最后，我们回顾了n6氧脂素的特殊作用和最有可能是有益的。n6和n3氧化脂素在一个极其复杂的基质中共同作用，产生生理效应。这一综述将为未来的研究人员提供重要的视角，以了解n6氧磷脂作为n6 PUFAs的产物在人类健康中的新兴用途。
Oxylipins are lipid mediators produced from polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism, and are thought to be a molecular explanation for the diverse biological effects of PUFAs. Like PUFAs, oxylipins are distinguished by their omega-6 (n6) or omega-3 (n3) chemistry. We review the use of n6 oxylipins as biomarkers of disease and their use in diagnosis and risk assessment. We show cases where oxylipins derived from linoleate (LA) or arachidonate (AA) produced by the activities of lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase, epoxygenase, omega/omega-1 hydroxylase, and autooxidation are useful as biomarkers or risk markers. HODEs, KODEs, EpOMEs, DiHOMEs, and other metabolites of LA as well as prostanoids, HETEs, KETEs, EpETrEs, and DiHETrEs, and other metabolites of AA were useful for understanding the different signaling environments in conditions from traumatic brain injury, to major coronary events, dyslipidemia, sepsis, and more. We next evaluate interventions that alter the concentrations of n6 oxylipins in plasma. We note the utility and response of each plasma fraction, and the generally increasing utility from the non-esterified, to the esterified, to the lipoprotein fractions. Finally, we review the effects which are specifically related to n6 oxylipins and most likely to be beneficial. Both n6 and n3 oxylipins work together in an exceedingly complex matrix to produce physiological effects. This overview should provide future investigators with important perspectives for the emerging utility of n6 oxylipins as products of n6 PUFAs in human health.