Emergy analysis for maize fields under different amendment applications in Guyana
Emergy analysis for maize fields under different amendment applications in Guyana
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120761
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发表时间：
2020-06
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Nall I. Moonilall;O. Homenauth;R. Lal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nall I. Moonilall;O. Homenauth;R. Lal
农业副产品可以作为土壤改良剂施用到土壤中，对土壤性质、农业生产力和作物产量具有很大的益处。在圭亚那沿海土壤上进行了一项实地研究，以评估各种改良剂对土壤性质和玉米（玉米）农艺生产力的影响。还对不施用任何改良剂（对照）、化肥、稻壳船体生物炭、鸡粪生物炭和甘蔗压滤机5个系统进行了能值分析。除对照外，各处理均施用无机肥。对这五个系统进行能值分析，以量化总体能值，并评估不同土壤改良剂对玉米系统的可持续性。与对照（1.13）相比，改良土壤中玉米产量（Mg ha−1）最高（化肥9.94，家禽粪便生物炭9.54，水稻船体生物炭9.22，甘蔗压滤机8.57）。每个系统的能值（E17 seJ ha-1 yr-1）如下：对照为1.39，化肥为1.44，水稻船体生物炭为2.97，家禽粪便生物炭为3.33，甘蔗压滤机为1.49。可持续性较高的系统，可再生能源和购买投入较少。在五个系统中，未修正系统的可持续性指数最高（4.41）。其中，化肥（4.01）和甘蔗压滤机（3.57）组的可持续性高于船体生物炭（1.25）和鸡粪生物炭（1.00）组。必须兼顾高生产力和环境质量，以确保未来的粮食安全。
Agricultural byproducts can be applied to soil as an amendment with strong benefits to soil properties, agronomic productivity, and crop yields. A field study was conducted on a coastal soil in Guyana to evaluate the impact of various amendments on soil properties and agronomic productivity for maize (Zea mays). An emergy analysis was also conducted for five systems under different amendment application – no amendment application (control), chemical fertilizer, rice hull biochar, poultry manure biochar, and sugarcane filter press. Mineral fertilizer was applied to each treatment except for the control. An emergy analysis of the five systems was performed to quantify overall emergy and evaluate the sustainability of maize systems receiving different soil amendments. Maize yields (Mg ha−1) were the highest amongst the amended soils (9.94 for chemical fertilizer, 9.54 for poultry manure biochar, 9.22 for rice hull biochar, 8.57 for sugarcane filter press) compared with that for the control (1.13). Emergy (E17seJ ha−1yr−1) for each system was as follows: 1.39 for control, 1.44 for chemical fertilizer, 2.97 for rice hull biochar, 3.33 for poultry manure biochar, and 1.49 for sugarcane filter press. Sustainability was higher for systems with more renewable and less purchased inputs. The unamended system had the highest sustainability index of the five systems (4.41). Of the amended systems, the chemical fertilizer (4.01) and sugarcane filter press (3.57) groups had higher sustainability than both the rice hull biochar (1.25) and poultry manure biochar (1.00) amended systems. It is important to reconcile high productivity with environmental quality in order to ensure a food secure future.