Distribution of neuropeptide S receptor mRNA and neurochemical characteristics of neuropeptide S-expressing neurons in the rat brain
Distribution of neuropeptide S receptor mRNA and neurochemical characteristics of neuropeptide S-expressing neurons in the rat brain
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.21159
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Reinscheid, Rainer K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu, Yan-Ling;Gall, Christine M.;Reinscheid, Rainer K.
神经肽S及其受体构成了一个新的神经肽系统，参与调节觉醒和焦虑。NPS前体mRNA在位于蓝斑(LC)和巴林顿核之间的一组未被描述的神经元中高度表达。本文报道LC区和三叉神经感觉主核的NPS阳性神经元主要是谷氨酸能神经元，而臂旁外侧核的许多NPS阳性神经元共表达促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(CRF)。此外，我们还描述了大鼠脑内NPSR mRNA表达的全面图谱。在涉及嗅觉加工的区域中发现了高水平的表达，包括嗅前核、梨状核和梨状核。大脑皮层。NPSR基因在多个区域表达，包括杏仁复合体和下丘脑室旁核。NPSR mRNA还存在于睡眠神经回路的多个关键区域，如丘脑、下丘脑和视前区。此外，NPSR mRNA在海马区的主要输出区和输入区也有较强的表达，包括海马旁区、外侧内嗅皮层和脾后无颗粒皮质。下丘脑的多个核团，包括背内侧核和腹内侧核。下丘脑核和后弓状核表达高水平的NPSR mRNA，提示NPS可能调节能量稳态。这些数据表明，NPS系统可能在调节多种生理功能，特别是唤醒、焦虑、学习记忆和能量平衡方面发挥关键作用。
Neuropeptide S (NPS) and its receptor (NPSR) constitute a novel neuropeptide system that is involved in regulating arousal and anxiety. The NPS precursor mRNA is highly expressed in a previously undescribed group of neurons located between the locus coeruleus (LC) and Barrington's nucleus. We report here that the majority of NPS-expressing neurons in the LC area and the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus are glutamatergic neurons, whereas many NPS-positive neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus coexpress corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). In addition, we describe a comprehensive map of NPSR mRNA expression in the rat brain. High levels of expression are found in areas involved in olfactory processing, including the anterior olfactory nucleus, the endopiriform nucleus, and the piriform. cortex. NPSR mRNA is expressed in several regions mediating anxiety responses, including the amygdaloid complex and the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus. NPSR mRNA is also found in multiple key regions of sleep neurocircuitries, such as the thalamus, the hypothalamus, and the preoptic region. In addition, NPSR mRNA is strongly expressed in major output and input regions of hippocampus, including the parahippocampal regions, the lateral entorhinal cortex, and the retrosplenial agranular cortex. Multiple hypothalamic nuclei, including the dorsomedial and the ventromedial. hypothalamic nucleus and the posterior arcuate nucleus, express high levels of NPSR mRNA, indicating that NPS may regulate energy homeostasis. These data suggest that the NPS system may play a key role in modulating a variety of physiological functions, especially arousal, anxiety, learning and memory, and energy balance.