Genetic syncretism: Latin American forensics and global indigenous organizing

Genetic syncretism: Latin American forensics and global indigenous organizing
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遗传融合:拉丁美洲法医学和全球土著组织

DOI:
10.1057/s41292-021-00263-3
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
1.6
通讯作者:
García-Deister, Vivette
García-Deister, Vivette
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Smith, Lindsay A.;García-Deister, Vivette

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在20世纪70年代,拉丁美洲成为军事干预、恐怖主义种植以及意识形态和经济转型的全球实验室。作为回应,家庭团体和年轻的科学家形成了一种新的积极法医学,专注于人权,以受害者为中心的司法和国家问责制,开创了法医实践的新形式。我们研究了这种以法医遗传学为中心的新形式的法医实践如何导致实验室内外与印第安人的重要参与。本文利用阿根廷、危地马拉和墨西哥的人权活动家和法医科学家的民族志实地考察,探讨了法医遗传学、土著组织和人权实践之间的关系。我们提供了“基因融合”的概念,以关注关于遗传学,正义和土著身份的多重和相互竞争的信仰,通过(1)在护理中走到一起,(2)合并,和(3)仪式。有助于解开不安和不完整的联盟土著利益和法医遗传学的做法在拉丁美洲,遗传融合提供了一个理论透镜,是注意到权力的差异嵌入在殖民逻辑和科学实践是如何斡旋通过走到一起,似乎不相容的信仰和做法。
In the 1970s, Latin America became a global laboratory for military interventions, the cultivation of terror, and ideological and economic transformation. In response, family groups and young scientists forged a new activist forensics focused on human rights, victim-centered justice, and state accountability, inaugurating new forms of forensic practice. We examine how this new form of forensic practice centered in forensic genetics has led to a critical engagement with Indigeneity both within and outside the lab. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with human rights activists and forensic scientists in Argentina, Guatemala and Mexico, this paper examines the relationship between forensic genetics, Indigenous organizing, and human rights practice. We offer the concept of ‘genetic syncretism’ to attend to spaces where multiple and competing beliefs about genetics, justice, and Indigenous identity are worked out through (1) coming together in care, (2) incorporation, and (3) ritual. Helping to unpack the uneasy and incomplete alliance of Indigenous interests and forensic genetic practice in Latin American, genetic syncretism offers a theoretical lens that is attentive to how differentials of power embedded in colonial logics and scientific practice are brokered through the coming together of seemingly incompatible beliefs and practices.
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