Molecular phylogeny of OVOL genes illustrates a conserved C2H2 zinc finger domain coupled by hypervariable unstructured regions.
Molecular phylogeny of OVOL genes illustrates a conserved C2H2 zinc finger domain coupled by hypervariable unstructured regions.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0039399
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Grapputo A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kumar A;Bhandari A;Sinha R;Sardar P;Sushma M;Goyal P;Goswami C;Grapputo A
ovo样蛋白（OVOL）是锌指蛋白家族的成员，在多种分化过程中作为转录因子调控基因表达。最近的研究表明，在多种生物中，OVOL基因参与了上皮细胞的发育和分化；然而，缺乏从进化角度描述OVOL蛋白的全面研究。通过比较基因组分析，我们在脊椎动物中追踪到了三种不同的OVOL基因（OVOL1-3）。在鱼的全基因组复制过程中，一个名为OVOL3的基因被复制，但只有拷贝（OVOL3b）被保留。从早期分支后生动物到人类，我们发现一个由C2H2锌指组成的核心结构域是保守的。通过对OVOL蛋白的结构域比较，我们发现它们在不同的后生物谱系中通过将100到1000个氨基酸的N/ c末端延伸的内在无序（ID）片段连接到这个保守的核心上而进化。这些ID区域在不同的动物谱系中独立产生，在后生动物进化过程中产生了不同类型的OVOL基因。我们说明了后生动物OVOL基因在7亿年（MY）期间的分子进化。本研究既扩展了我们目前对后生动物OVOL基因结构/功能关系的理解，又为进一步表征分化生物的OVOL基因提供了良好的平台。
OVO-like proteins (OVOL) are members of the zinc finger protein family and serve as transcription factors to regulate gene expression in various differentiation processes. Recent studies have shown that OVOL genes are involved in epithelial development and differentiation in a wide variety of organisms; yet there is a lack of comprehensive studies that describe OVOL proteins from an evolutionary perspective. Using comparative genomic analysis, we traced three different OVOL genes (OVOL1-3) in vertebrates. One gene, OVOL3, was duplicated during a whole-genome-duplication event in fish, but only the copy (OVOL3b) was retained. From early-branching metazoa to humans, we found that a core domain, comprising a tetrad of C2H2 zinc fingers, is conserved. By domain comparison of the OVOL proteins, we found that they evolved in different metazoan lineages by attaching intrinsically-disordered (ID) segments of N/C-terminal extensions of 100 to 1000 amino acids to this conserved core. These ID regions originated independently across different animal lineages giving rise to different types of OVOL genes over the course of metazoan evolution. We illustrated the molecular evolution of metazoan OVOL genes over a period of 700 million years (MY). This study both extends our current understanding of the structure/function relationship of metazoan OVOL genes, and assembles a good platform for further characterization of OVOL genes from diverged organisms.
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