The Early Development of Sight-Reading Skills in Adulthood
The Early Development of Sight-Reading Skills in Adulthood
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成年视奏能力的早期发展
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Erkki Huovinen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Penttinen;Erkki Huovinen
在这项研究中，技能的发展对眼动的影响开始成年视奏者进行了检查，重点放在变化中的视觉注意力的分配内的韵律单位，以及在处理较大的旋律间隔。参与者是未来的小学教师，参加为期9个月的音乐培训。在此期间，15名新手视奏者的发展进行了三次测量，与15名业余音乐家作为对照组。初学者在韵律单位内固定时间的分配逐渐接近业余爱好者所表现出的模式，其中对韵律划分的敏感性增加，表现为小节后半部分的平均固定时间更大。关于在其他阶梯式旋律背景下较大的旋律跳跃，对固定时间的分析表明，新手对跳跃的视觉处理并不是通过跳跃中的音符比较进行的，而是通过直接识别所涉及的符号。因此，技能的发展被看作是这种识别过程的流畅性的提高。这些和类似的研究结果可能会导致更好地理解新手的视奏者遇到的问题，从而在音乐阅读教学的进步。
In this study the effects of skill development on the eye movements of beginning adult sight-readers were examined, focusing on changes in the allocation of visual attention within metrical units as well as in the processing of larger melodic intervals. The participants were future elementary school teachers, taking part in a 9-month-long music training period. During this period, 15 novice sight-readers’ development was observed in three measurements, with 15 amateur musicians functioning as a comparison group. The novices’ allocation of fixation time within metrical units gradually approached a pattern demonstrated by the amateurs in which increased sensitivity to metrical divisions was evinced by larger average fixation times on the latter halves of bars. Concerning larger melodic skips in otherwise stepwise melodic contexts, an analysis of fixation times suggested that the novices’ visual processing of skips did not proceed in terms of note comparison across the skip but rather through a direct identification of the notational symbols involved. Skill development was seen, then, as increasing fluency of this identification process. These and similar findings may lead to a better understanding of the problems encountered by novice sight-readers and thus to advancements in the pedagogy of music reading.