Effect of nationwide tobacco control policies on smoking cessation in high and low educated groups in 18 European countries
Effect of nationwide tobacco control policies on smoking cessation in high and low educated groups in 18 European countries
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DOI：
10.1136/tc.2007.024265
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Mackenbach, J. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schaap, M. M.;Kunst, A. E.;Mackenbach, J. P.
背景：最近引入了一个量表来量化国家层面烟草控制政策的实施情况。我们的研究使用这个量表来研究这些政策对欧洲国家戒烟率的潜在影响。特别关注低教育群体的戒烟。方法：横断面数据来自 18 个欧洲国家的国家健康调查。在分析中，我们区分了国家、性别、两个年龄组（25-39 岁和 40-59 岁）和教育水平。年龄标准化戒烟率的计算方法为戒烟者总数除以曾经吸烟者总数。在回归分析中，我们探讨了全国戒烟率与全国烟草控制量表 (TCS) 得分之间的相关性。结果：瑞典、英国、荷兰、比利时和法国的戒烟率特别高 (> 45%)，立陶宛和拉脱维亚的戒烟率相对较低 (< 30%)。在所有国家的所有年龄性别群体中，受过高等教育的吸烟者比受教育程度较低的吸烟者更有可能戒烟。全国烟草控制量表得分与所有年龄性别组的戒烟率呈正相关。戒烟率与 TCS 分数的关联在高学历和低学历之间没有表现出一致的差异。在构成 TCS 的所有烟草控制政策中，价格政策与戒烟率的关联最强，其次是广告禁令。结论：烟草控制政策较发达的国家比烟草控制政策较不发达的国家具有更高的戒烟率。高学历和低学历吸烟者从全国控烟政策中受益大致相同。
Background: Recently a scale was introduced to quantify the implementation of tobacco control policies at country level. Our study used this scale to examine the potential impact of these policies on quit ratios in European countries. Special attention was given to smoking cessation among lower educational groups.Methods: Cross-sectional data were derived from national health surveys from 18 European countries. In the analyses we distinguished between country, sex, two age groups (25-39 and 40-59 years) and educational level. Age-standardised quit ratios were calculated as total former-smokers divided by total ever-smokers. In regression analyses we explored the correlation between national quit ratios and the national score on the Tobacco Control Scale (TCS).Results: Quit ratios were especially high (> 45%) in Sweden, England, The Netherlands, Belgium and France and relatively low (< 30%) in Lithuania and Latvia. Higher educated smokers were more likely to have quit smoking than lower educated smokers in all age-sex groups in all countries. National score on the tobacco control scale was positively associated with quit ratios in all age-sex groups. The association of quit ratios with score on TCS did not show consistent differences between high and low education. Of all tobacco control policies of which the TCS is constructed, price policies showed the strongest association with quit ratios, followed by an advertising ban.Conclusion: Countries with more developed tobacco control policies have higher quit ratios than countries with less developed tobacco control policies. High and low educated smokers benefit about equally from the nationwide tobacco control policies.